Direct Evidence on C−C Single Bonding in Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorn Aggregates

Abstract

The structure of single-wall carbon nanohorn (SWNH) was analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The considerably strong peak due to single bonding carbons was observed in C1s XPS spectrum of SWNH. This peak intensity increases with oxidation treatment, coinciding with the decrease in Raman G/D intensity ratio. It is concluded that the presence of a considerable amount of single bonding carbons is the reason for the unique assembly structure accompanying with a strong D-band in Raman spectrum of SWNH.

Electronically modified single wall carbon nanohorns with iodine adsorption

“…The above XPS results indicate that iodine molecules can interact with the oxygen functional groups of SWCNH in addition to the interaction of iodine with the conjugated π-electron frame. The O 1s peak supports clearly the presence of oxygen functional groups illustrated by two deconvoluted peaks, which are assigned to oxygen single bonding of C-O at 533.8 eV and double bonding of C=O at 532.4 eV [22,23]. These data support the above discussion.…”

“…The C 1s peak of SWCNH has the strongest peak at 284.3 eV assigned to carbon double bonding (sp 2 carbon) and the sub-peak at 285.4 eV corresponding to the single carbon bonding (sp 3 carbon). Other sub-peaks in the relatively high binding energy region are assigned to the carbon oxide groups as C-O, C=O, and COO at 286.2, 287.1 and 289.0 eV, respectively [23]. Iodine adsorption changes the peak position of C=C and C-C by 0.1 eV and C-O by 0.2 eV.…”

Activation routes for high surface area graphene monoliths from graphene oxide colloids

“…Some other peaks assigned to oxygen functional groups are observed at the higher binding energy region. They are C-O at 286.1 eV, C=O at 287.0 eV, and COO at 289.0 eV [15,28,29]. After the thermal reduction process, a distinct decrease of peaks at the high binding energy region is observed, indicating that oxygen functional groups are decomposed on the heating treatment.…”

Highly selective detection of Epinephrine at oxidized Single-Wall Carbon Nanohorns modified Screen Printed Electrodes (SPEs)

“…XPS broad scans, C1s and O1s spectra were recorded for both the pristine and oxidized materials. carbons (C ¼ C) (Utsumi et al, 2007), according to the structure of graphene forming the NHs. Further peaks with lower intensity were also observed in the higher binding energy region: C ¼O at 287.57 0.1 eV, C-O at 286.470.1 eV, C-C ¼O at 285.470.1 eV and singly bonded carbons (C-C) at 284.8 70.1 eV.…”