Direct electron transfer of glucose oxidase promoted by carbon nanotubes is without value in certain mediator-free applications

Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors based on graphene two-dimensional nanomaterials

“…The third generation of glucose biosensors, which takes advantage of direct electron transfer (DET) in enzymatic reaction catalysis, has been intensively studied for decades and continues to be developed (Wang and Yao, 2012). The direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase (GOx) refers to DET between the electrode surface and the enzyme active site in the absence of a mediator.…”

Covalent modification of ordered mesoporous carbon with glucose oxidase for fabrication of glucose biosensor

“…S3). From this observation it can be concluded that GODs with DET capability have no enzymatic activity toward glucose oxidation [30][31][32][33]. In the O 2 -saturated phosphate buffer solution, the CV of GOD/TCT/AP/OMC/GCE shows an increase in reduction peak current and a decrease in oxidation current (curve b in Fig.…”

Direct Electron Transfer between Glucose Oxidase and Gold Nanoparticles; When Size Matters

“…Numerous other electron acceptors, e. g. 1,4‐benzoquinone, 2,6‐dichlorophenol indophenol and ferrocenium methanol are recognized by GOx. The DET of GOx has been extensively studied as a means of developing of biosensors and biofuel cells ,,,,,. AuNPs have long been known for their ability to enhance DET ,.…”

“…The DET of GOx has been extensively studied as a means of developing of biosensors and biofuel cells. [6,[19][20][21]24,28,43,[55][56][57] AuNPs have long been known for their ability to enhance DET. [22][23]29] Yet, only a few studies focused on the effect of the shape and size of the NPs on DET.…”

“…Recent studies on the DET of GOx often showed a clear decrease of the enzyme activity upon its adsorption on various electrode materials, e. g., carbon nanotubes and graphene. [28,38,[56][57]75] Moreover, it was proposed that GOx has more than one adsorbed type, with different activities. Seehuber and Dahint showed that there was a significant difference between GOx adsorbed on a flat surface and that adsorbed on nanoparticles.…”