Direct determination of lead in bones using slurry sampling and high-resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

Abstract

Development of a robust, sensitive, fast, accurate and environmentally friendly method enabling for the first time routine direct determination of Pb in bone samples by HR-CS-ETAAS.

An environmentally friendly approach for the characterization of construction materials: determination of trace, minor, and major elements by slurry sampling high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

“…Dispersing media reported for metal determination by slurry sampling GFAAS usually consist of compounds with surfactant properties with the addition of an acid, mainly HNO 3 solutions due to its high purity and lack of interferences. 12,13,[16][17][18][19] This combination of reagents prevents the agglomeration and sedimentation of the solid particles by forming repulsive layers around them and/ or produces a partial dissolution of the solid sample and the extraction of metals. In general, the amount of metal extracted from the solid sample increases as the concentration of HNO 3 in the dispersing medium increases, but for too high acid concentrations, a faster deterioration of the graphite tube used for GFAAS measurement can also be observed.…”

“…[12][13][14][15][16] GFAAS methods for the direct analysis of solid samples have undergone signicant development since the arrival of highresolution continuum source AA spectrometers (HR-CS AAS) due to the higher background correction capability of these instruments. [17][18][19] Using these spectrometers, the main or secondary absorption lines and the wings of the absorption lines can be selected for the analytical measurements, and therefore the sensitivity for each element can be adjusted to the expected concentration level in the sample. [20][21][22] The main drawback of direct solid sampling GFAAS methods is the greater imprecision compared to GFAAS methods with liquid sample introduction due to the intrinsic inhomogeneity of solid samples and the small amount of sample introduced into the graphite tube for the analysis.…”