Diplopods as Bioindicators of Soils: Analysis of Midgut of Individuals Maintained in Substract Containing Sewage Sludge

Godoy, Juliana Aparecida Preto de; Fontanetti, Carmem Silvia

doi:10.1007/s11270-009-0261-z

Cited by 35 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In this case, the metal precipitation occurs as intracellular granules of different types which, after being stored, are directly discharged by secretory vesicles into the lumen or by substitution of the intestinal epithelium (Hubert, 1979a;Nogarol and Fontanetti, 2010;Godoy and Fontanetti, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midgut of the diplopod Urostreptus atrobrunneus: structure, function, and redefinition of hepatic cells

2017

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Diplopods are considered important macroarthropods the soil as part of its maintenance and balance. These animals usually do not occur in high densities, but population explosions caused by environmental disturbances, climate changes, and use of pesticides that eliminate possible competitors, have been reported. The millipede Urostreptus atrobrunneus Pierozzi and Fontanetti, 2006 have become a nuisance to humans in infestation sites in urban centers of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. As a contribution to the understanding of this potential pest, this study describes the histology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure of the U. atrobrunneus midgut, and presents the redefinition of hepatic cells somewhat controversial in the literature. The region of the midgut is characterized by the absence of a cuticular intima, and composed of a pseudostratified epithelium on a thick basal membrane, followed by a muscle layer, a layer of hepatic cells, lined by an external membrane. The morphology observed in U. atrobrunneus is similar to that reported for other species of diplopods. The hepatic cells have been previously described as randomly without forming a layer, however, the present results clearly demonstrate that these cells form a continuous layer over the whole midgut.Keywords: histology, histochemistry, ultrastructure, Diplopoda, digestive tract. Intestino médio do diplópodo Urostreptus atrobrunneus: estrutura, função e redefinição das células hepáticas ResumoDiplópodos são considerados importantes macro-artrópodes do solo, uma vez que participam de sua manutenção e equilíbrio. Comumente estes animais não apresentam população numerosa, porém há relatos de explosões populacionais ocasionadas por desequilíbrios ambientais, mudanças climáticas e utilização de pesticidas que eliminam possíveis competidores. O milípede Urostreptus atrobrunneus Pierozzi e Fontanetti, 2006, têm apresentado pontos de infestação em centros urbanos, do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, causando muitos transtornos à população humana. Com objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento desta potencial praga, este trabalho apresenta a descrição histológica, histoquímica e ultra-estrutural do intestino médio do milípede U. atrobrunneus, bem como apresenta a redefinição das células hepáticas, um tanto controversa na literatura pertinente. A região do intestino médio é caracterizada pela ausência da íntima cuticular, sendo formado por um epitélio pseudoestratificado, apoiado por uma membrana basal espessa, seguido de uma camada muscular, uma camada de células hepáticas, revestido por uma membrana externa. A morfologia observada neste trabalho assemelha-se bastante com as descrições de outras espécies de diplópodos estudadas até o momento. As células hepáticas foram previamente descritas como dispostas aleatoriamente sem a formação de uma camada, contudo, os presentes resultados demonstram claramente que estas células formam uma camada contínua ao longo de todo o intestino médio.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midgut of the diplopod Urostreptus atrobrunneus: structure, function, and redefinition of hepatic cells

2017

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“…With the purpose of evaluating answers related to these samples toxicity, different concentrations of dosedependent sewage sludge were used, already tested in other works (Godoy and Fontanetti, 2010;Nogarol and Fontanetti, 2010;Perez and Fontanetti, 2011). Animals were exposed to the following mixtures: (I) pure PCJ-1 sludge; (II) 10% concentrated PCJ-1 sludge; (III) 1% concentrated PCJ-3 sludge; (IV) PCJ-3 sludge mixtured in the 10% concentration; (V) PCJ-3 sludge mixtured in the 50% concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specie was chosen by its abundancy and for being considered a good toxicity bioindicator of soils (Godoy and Fontanetti, 2010;Nogarol and Fontanetti, 2010;Perez and Fontanetti, 2011;Souza and Fontanetti, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sewage sludge toxicity in edaphic organism: Analysis of midgut responses in the diplopodRhinocricus padbergi

Bozzatto

Fontanetti

2012

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Diplopods are agile saprophagous invertebrates with the ability to colonize several soil layers. They feed on waste and decaying organic matter, making the soil in which they are present better aerated and mineral-enriched. Because of their habits, diplopods have been suggested to be used in studies to analyze possible toxic effects of impacted soils in edafic fauna. In that respect, this study aimed at checking the feasibility of using morphological analysis from millipede's midgut as a biomarker for soils exposed to sewage sludge from sewage treatment plants. Histological and histochemical techniques, applied to the species Rhinocricus padbergi's midgut, were used. Two sewage sludge samples were used; they were collected in two small towns in the countryside of São Paulo State. Both cities are part of the Piracicaba-Capivari-Jundiaí basin (PCJ-1 and PCJ-3). For 7 and 15-day periods, the animals were exposed to 10% concentrations and crude sludge for the PCJ-1sample and to 1, 10, and 50% concentrations and sludge for the PCJ-3 sample. The material exposed to the PCJ-1 sample showed an increase in the presence of cytoplasmic granules in both concentrations in all periods and a slight increase in the rate of epithelial renewal. The material of PCJ-3 sample presented the same alterations observed in PCJ-1 sample in higher frequence and over that high quantity of neutral polysaccharides in the hepatic cells layer. We can conclude that with the increase of sewage sludge concentrations tested, there is an increase in morphophysiologicals alterations frequencies found in the diplopods' midgut.

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“…These invertebrates live from one to ten or more years, depending on the species (Ruppert et al, 2005). Due to the habits of the group they have been considered good environmental indicators being used as test organisms in some soil analysis (Hopkin et al, 1985;Triebskorn et al, 1991;Köhler & Triebskorn, 1998;Nogarol & Fontanetti, 2010;Godoy & Fontanetti, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, cities that have increased the collection and the level of sewage treatment are facing difficulties to manage and dispose adequately the sludge generated in the Sewage Treatment Stations (STSs) (Epstein, 2003). Given these problems one of the alternatives for the final disposal of the sludge is its use in agriculture (Gomes et al, 2007), and its use in the remediation of the physical structure of degraded soils (Kocssis & De Maria, 2004). However, its use as source of nutrients and organic matter demands some caution, especially in relation to the metal content and health, since both metals and pathogenic agents such as helminthes eggs, spores of fungi and colonies of bacteria tend to co-precipitate with sewage and concentrate in the sludge (Andreoli et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of substrates containing sewage sludge: assessment of the feasibility in using the diplopod Rhinocricus padbergi

Fontanetti¹,

Nogarol²,

Souza³

et al. 2012

JBSE

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Due to the constant release of potentially harmful substances in the environment, it is necessary the use of biomonitoring as a form to assess the impact of these substances on animals that inhabit this environment. Therefore, there is a better understanding of the possible effects that these exogenous substances may cause in the organisms present there. In the present study it was verified the feasibility of the use of the diplopod Rhinocricus padbergi as bioindicator of impacted soils by their exposition to substrates containing different concentrations of sewage sludge from different Sewage Treatment Stations (STSs). It was observed animals' behavior and the survival rate was analyzed by log-rank test (p=0,05). The analysis showed that the animals exposed to pure sewage sludge presented higher mortality index than the specimens exposed to different concentrations of the sludge mixed with soil. In general, the survival rate and the analysis of the behavior of the diplopod R. padbergi showed efficiency of this species in biomonitoring impacted soils.Key words: millipede, sewage sludge, STS, toxicity. Biomonitoramento de substratos contendo lodo de esgoto: avaliação da viabilidade do uso do diplópodo Rhinocricus padbergi ResumoDiante da constante liberação de substâncias potencialmente danosas no ambiente, faz-se necessário o uso do biomonitoramento como forma de avaliar o impacto destas substâncias sobre os animais que os habitam. Com isso, tem-se uma maior compreensão dos possíveis efeitos que estes agentes exógenos podem causar nos organismos ali presentes. No presente estudo, verificou-se a viabilidade do uso do diplópodo Rhinocricus padbergi como bioindicador de solos impactados, por meio de sua exposição a substratos contendo diferentes concentrações de lodo de esgoto oriundo de diferentes Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETEs). Foi observado o comportamento dos animais e a taxa de sobrevivência foi analisada pelo teste log-rank (p=0,05). As análises evidenciaram que os animais expostos ao lodo de esgoto puro apresentaram maior índice de mortalidade do que os espécimens expostos a diferentes concentrações de lodo misturado com terra. De um modo geral, a taxa de sobrevivência e a análise do comportamento do diplópodo R. padbergi demonstraram eficiência desta espécie no biomonitoramento de solos impactados.Palavras chave: milipede, lodo de esgoto, ETE, toxicidade. 50 J. Braz. Soc. Ecotoxicol. v.7, n. 1, 2012 Fontanetti et al.

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Diplopods as Bioindicators of Soils: Analysis of Midgut of Individuals Maintained in Substract Containing Sewage Sludge

Cited by 35 publications

References 16 publications

Midgut of the diplopod Urostreptus atrobrunneus: structure, function, and redefinition of hepatic cells

Midgut of the diplopod Urostreptus atrobrunneus: structure, function, and redefinition of hepatic cells

Sewage sludge toxicity in edaphic organism: Analysis of midgut responses in the diplopodRhinocricus padbergi

Biomonitoring of substrates containing sewage sludge: assessment of the feasibility in using the diplopod Rhinocricus padbergi

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