Diode-pumped wideband thulium-doped fiber amplifiers for optical communications in the 1800 – 2050 nm window

Li, Z.; Heidt, Alexander M.; Simakov, Nikita; Jung, Yongmin; Daniel, J. M. O.; Alam, Shaif-ul; Richardson, David J.

doi:10.1364/oe.21.026450

Cited by 181 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The performance of the diode pumped HDFA complements that of the previously demonstrated diode-pumped TDFAs [14] (limited to wavelengths < 2050 nm), by increasing the accessible bandwidth by 50 nm out to 2100 nm. If further bandwidth is desired, then it is possible to use a TDFL pump source to achieve a 15 dB gain out as far as 2150 nm.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…In order to realize an optical communications system, high quality optical amplifiers are indispensable. Thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFAs) have recently been shown to provide high gain, low noise amplification at wavelengths spanning the wavelength range 1660 -2050 nm [12][13][14][15]. Operating a TDFA at wavelengths >2050 nm is however difficult due to the decreasing emission cross-section of thulium [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High gain holmium-doped fibre amplifiers

Simakov¹,

Li²,

Jung³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We investigate the operation of holmium-doped fibre amplifiers (HDFAs) in the 2.1 µm spectral region. For the first time we demonstrate a diode-pumped HDFA. This amplifier provides a peak gain of 25 dB at 2040 nm with a 15 dB gain window spanning the wavelength range 2030 -2100 nm with an external noise figure (NF) of 4-6 dB. We also compare the operation of HDFAs when pumped at 1950 nm and 2008 nm. The 1950 nm pumped HDFA provides 41 dB peak gain at 2060 nm with 15 dB of gain spanning the wavelength range 2050 -2120 nm and an external NF of 7-10 dB. By pumping at the longer wavelength of 2008 nm the gain bandwidth of the amplifier is shifted to longer wavelengths and using this architecture a HDFA was demonstrated with a peak gain of 39 dB at 2090 nm and 15 dB of gain spanning the wavelength range 2050 -2150 nm. The external NF over this wavelength range was 8-14 dB. nm gain extension towards 1.7 μm for diode-pumped silica-based thulium-doped fiber 2016 Optical Society of America

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High gain holmium-doped fibre amplifiers

Simakov¹,

Li²,

Jung³

et al. 2016

Opt. Express

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“…Before launching the signal into the transmission fiber, the transmitter power was boosted to 15 dBm using a home-built dual-pump TDFA [11]. Two samples of HC-PBGFs were used in the experiment.…”

Section: Transmission Experiments Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortunately, the Thulium (Tm 3+ ) doped fiber amplifier (TDFA) offers a route to significantly enhanced amplification bandwidths around 2µm. The remarkably broad emission spectrum of the 3 F4 -3 H6 transition in Tm-doped silica covers about 30 THz (~1700 to ~2100 nm [10]) and was shown to give about 22 THz (1830-2050 nm) amplification bandwidth in a single device [11]- [12], more than two times that of the Erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) of similar configuration/complexity. Through more complex TDFA designs amplification has been demonstrated over the full 30 THz bandwidth, with further extension still possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Capacity Directly Modulated Optical Transmitter for 2-μm Spectral Region

Liu

Chen

et al. 2015

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-The 2-µm wave band is emerging as a potential new window for optical telecommunications with several distinct advantages over the traditional 1.55µm region. First of all, the Hollow-Core Photonic Band Gap Fiber (HC-PBGF) is an emerging transmission fiber candidate with ultra-low nonlinearity and lowest latency (0.3% slower than light propagating in vacuum) that has its minimum loss within the 2-µm wavelength band. Secondly, the Thulium-doped fiber amplifier that operates in this spectral region provides significantly more bandwidth than the Erbium-doped fiber amplifier. In this paper we demonstrate a single-channel 2-µm transmitter capable of delivering >52 Gbit/s data signals, which is twice the capacity previously-demonstrated. To achieve this we employ discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation via direct current modulation of a Fabry-Perot semiconductor laser. The 4.4-GHz modulation bandwidth of the laser is enhanced by optical injection locking, providing up to 11 GHz modulation bandwidth. Transmission over 500-m and 3.8-km samples of HC-PBGF is demonstrated.

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“…Recently, we introduced the concept of shifting the transmission band from the conventional C-band to 2 µm [4,5], due to the potential ultra-low loss (~0.1 dB/km) HC-PBGF may provide [6,7], in addition to its near-vacuum latency and lower nonlinearity when compared to standard SMF [8]. Thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) which operate over a wide bandwidth spanning from ~1.80 µm to 2.05 µm are also available at this waveband [9] and their use in a transmission experiment has been demonstrated [5]. Moreover, the increasing availability of telecommunication-grade optical components at 2 µm, such as lasers [10], modulators and photo-detectors (PD) [11], are making transmission experiments at 2 µm practical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

100 Gbit/s WDM transmission at 2 µm: transmission studies in both low-loss hollow core photonic bandgap fiber and solid core fiber

Zhang¹,

Kavanagh²,

Li³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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116

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Abstract:We show for the first time 100 Gbit/s total capacity at 2 µm waveband, using 4 × 9.3 Gbit/s 4-ASK Fast-OFDM direct modulation and 4 × 15.7 Gbit/s NRZ-OOK external modulation, spanning a 36.3 nm wide wavelength range. WDM transmission was successfully demonstrated over 1.15 km of low-loss hollow core photonic bandgap fiber (HC-PBGF) and over 1 km of solid core fiber (SCF). We conclude that the OSNR penalty associated with the SCF is minimal, while a ~1-2 dB penalty was observed after the HC-PBGF probably due to mode coupling to higher-order modes. 594-596 (2011).

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Diode-pumped wideband thulium-doped fiber amplifiers for optical communications in the 1800 – 2050 nm window

Cited by 181 publications

References 17 publications

High gain holmium-doped fibre amplifiers

High gain holmium-doped fibre amplifiers

High-Capacity Directly Modulated Optical Transmitter for 2-μm Spectral Region

100 Gbit/s WDM transmission at 2 µm: transmission studies in both low-loss hollow core photonic bandgap fiber and solid core fiber

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