Dinamika Program dan Kebijakan Peningkatan Produksi Padi

Abstract

Rice Production Enhancement Programs (P4) is consistently carried out by the government to meet domestic demand for rice. This paper describes dynamics of P4 implementation, namely their strengths and weaknesses. There were 11 programs launched, beginning with Central Rice Program (Padi Sentra) in 1958 up to Special Intensification (Insus) in 1979 with highest achievement of rice self sufficiency in 1984. Insus was improved in 1987 and it was then called as Supra Insus. In 1990 rice production was stagnant and rice import tended to enlarge. Rice Based Farming System with Agribusiness Orientation (SUTPA), Agribusiness Oriented Intensification (Inbis), and Self Reliance Movement on Rice, Corn, and Soybean (Gema Palagung) programs were introduced to anticipate changing domestic and international circumstances. El Nino took place when the programs were carried out triggering delay of harvest seasons and low production. At last, paradigm of agricultural development was improved through system development and agribusiness oriented, namely corporate farming as the starting point of on-going Integrated Crops and Resources Management (PTT) program. To induce the farmers nationwide to adopt technologies immediately the government copes with many constraints. It is suggested that the generated technologies are packed in sociodrama before disseminated intensively through various mass media, especially television.

Optimalisasi Dan Pemerataan Pendapatan Petani Pada Usahatani Padi Sistem Bagi Hasil

“…Agar peningkatan produksi padi itu sendiri tercapai memerlukan system pendukung (supporting system), Salah satu dari bagian sistem pendukung tersebut ketersediaan air dalam jumlah yang cukup, waktu dan tepat, bila tidak proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangnnya akan terganggu yang berakibat produksi baik secara kuantitas maupun kualitas rendah (Wahyuni & Indraningsih, 2016).…”

Pengaruh Penggunaan Traktor Terhadap Pendapatan dan Penggunaan Tenaga Kerja pada Usahatani Padi di Kabupaten Sambas

“…Penerapan teknologi usahatani merupakan kebijakan yang harus terus ditingkatkan pada waktu yang tepat dan dengan biaya yang minimum, sehingga bisa meningkatkan produktivitas dan pendapatan usahatani (Owombo, Akinola, Ayodele, & Koledoye, 2012;Wijaya, 2017). Lebih lanjut lagi, Wahyuni & Indraningsih (2003) menyatakan bahwa tidak mudah untuk mengintroduksi teknologi ke masyarakat. Perlu adanya sosialisasi program secara menyeluruh agar program tersebut akan berjalan dengan lancar dan berkelanjutan.…”

Integrating Statistical and System Dynamics Modelling to Analyse the Impacts of Climate Change on Rice Production in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

“…It 46 In general, farming extension will probably increase farmer income. As most farmers are poor (BPS, 2015), farming extension is a government initiative (Wahyuni & Indraningsih, 2016). Farmers are usually asked to support farming extension, not to initiate it.…”

“…(Zeigler, & Mohanty, 2010) suggest that due to decreased research funding in the middle of the 1990s, Asian rice yields levelled off. This probably led to a structural break in wetland farming after 1996 (Susanto et al, 2003;Wahyuni, & Indraningsih, 2016).…”

“…This chapter has shown that a structural break occurred in 1996 and in 2008, respectively, in wetland farming and dryland farming. For wetland farming, a main cause of the structural break might be decreased research funding in the middle of the 1990s, leading to a structural break in 1996 (Zeigler, & Mohanty, 2010;Susanto et al, 2003;Wahyuni, & Indraningsih, 2016). For dryland farming, a main cause of the structural break is the national program for increasing the national rice production (P2BN) which was initiated in 2008.…”