Dimorphism in dental tissues: Sex differences in archaeological individuals for multiple tooth types

Fernee, Christianne; Zakrzewski, Sonia R.; Brown, Kate Robson

doi:10.1002/ajpa.24174

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…As the mandibular canine is a sexually dimorphic tooth (Fernée et al, 2021;García-Campos et al, 2018;Saunders et al, 2007;Schwartz et al, 2001;Schwartz & Dean, 2005), it would be useful to understand if sex might influence our regression formula. Specifically, male canines have more dentin relative to crown size than females, while females tend to have relatively more enamel (García-Campos et al, 2018;Saunders et al, 2007;Schwartz et al, 2001;Schwartz & Dean, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical note: Estimating original crown height in worn mandibular canines using aspects of dentin morphology

McFarlane

Floyd

Smith

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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We present a novel method to estimate original crown height (OCH) for worn human mandibular canines using a cubic regression equation based on ratios of worn crown height and exposed dentin. This method may help alleviate issues frequently presented by worn teeth in dental analyses, including those in bioarchaeology. Mandibular canines (n = 28) from modern day New Zealand and English populations were selected. Crown height and dentin thickness were measured on dental thin sections (n = 19) and the resulting (log10) ratios were fitted to a cubic regression curve allowing OCH in worn crowns to be predicted. Variation in the dentin apex position was recorded and effects of angled wear slopes investigated allowing adjusted values to be generated. Our method is trialed for use on intact and sectioned teeth (n = 17).A cubic regression curve best describes the relationship between (log10) ratios and crown height deciles (R 2 = 0.996, df 1 = 3, df 2 = 336, p < 0.001). No significant differences were detected between OCH estimates using our method and digitally recreated cusp outlines of the same crowns (t = 1.024, df = 16, p > 0.05), with a mean absolute error of 0.171 mm and an adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.923.Our approach offers a quantitative method to estimate the percentage of OCH remaining on worn mandibular canines, and by extension, the OCH. Our estimates are comparable to digitally recreated cusps but less subjective and not limited to crowns with minimal wear.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical note: Estimating original crown height in worn mandibular canines using aspects of dentin morphology

McFarlane

Floyd

Smith

et al. 2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…Third, there is a need for high-quality case studies and in-depth qualitative/mixed method studies to build and deepen the conceptual understanding of how and why different wilderness programs might be influencing different aspects of health and wellbeing for childhood cancer survivors, and how this might inform the design of future intervention studies. Textbooks on wilderness therapy connect theoretically with the intrinsically interwoven and a bi-directional association of the human-nature relationship [18,19], and those aspects can be further described and developed in future studies with childhood cancer survivors [22]. Wilderness therapy has been developed and takes place within specific sociocultural contexts, and is influenced by those contexts and associated beliefs [18], which has an effect on participants and the stories that are shared.…”

Section: Implication For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Textbooks on wilderness therapy connect theoretically with the intrinsically interwoven and a bi-directional association of the human-nature relationship [18,19], and those aspects can be further described and developed in future studies with childhood cancer survivors [22]. Wilderness therapy has been developed and takes place within specific sociocultural contexts, and is influenced by those contexts and associated beliefs [18], which has an effect on participants and the stories that are shared. It could be argued that expressions of nature experience are also influenced by an overly romantic view, which informs beliefs about how nature "ought" to be perceived.…”

Section: Implication For Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Scandinavian countries, wilderness therapy developed from the "friluftsliv" (outdoor life) tradition in which a deep affiliation with nature and the simple life outdoors are essential [17]. These different approaches to wilderness therapy share a basic theoretical underpinning grounded in ecology, ecosophy and deep ecology, whereby the health and wellbeing of the natural world is intrinsically interwoven in a bi-directional fashion with the health and wellbeing of humans [18,19]. The role of nature in wilderness therapy is mostly explained and supported in evolutionary and biological terms [20], but has also been criticized for lack of a more in-depth exploration of the human-nature relationship in reporting of outcomes [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A scoping review to map the concept, content, and outcome of wilderness programs for childhood cancer survivors

et al. 2021

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Objectives Systematic mapping of the concept, content, and outcome of wilderness programs for childhood cancer survivors. Design Scoping review. Search strategy Searches were performed in 13 databases and the grey literature. Included studies describe participation of childhood cancer survivors in wilderness programs where the role of nature had a contextual and therapeutic premise. At least two authors independently performed screening, data extraction and analysis. Results Database searches yielded 1848 articles, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of programs (73%) employed adventure therapy. Five activity categories were identified as components of wilderness programs: challenge/risk, free time/leisure, experiential learning, physical activity and psychotherapeutic activities. A majority of the participating childhood cancer survivors were female, white, aged 8–40 years, with a wide range of cancer diagnoses. Reported outcomes included increased social involvement, self-esteem, self-confidence, self-efficacy, social support, and physical activity. Key gaps identified included the absence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), lack of studies on long-term effects, lack of information on the multicultural aspects of programs, and missing information on engagement in nature activities after the program ended. Conclusions This scoping review guides childhood cancer survivors, their families, practitioners, clinicians and researchers in the development and optimization of wilderness programs for childhood cancer survivors. In addition, it informs the utilization of these programs, and identifies gaps in the evidence base of wilderness programs. It is recommended that future study reporting on wilderness programs include more detail and explicitly address the role of nature in the program. Performing RCTs on wilderness programs is challenging, as they occur in real-life contexts in which participants cannot be blinded. Creative solutions in the design of pragmatic trials and mixed method studies are thus needed for further investigation of the effectiveness and safety of wilderness programs in childhood cancer survivors.

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“…Continuing study of permanent dental dimorphism confirms that in crown size males exceed females in mean MD, BL, crown height and crown area, and that the most sexual dimorphic permanent teeth are the canines and the least dimorphic are the incisors. Intergroup variation in sexual dimorphism of permanent tooth crown size (Brace & Ryan, 1980) have been augmented by documentation of dimorphism in dental tissues (Fernee et al, 2021;Schwartz & Dean, 2005), investigation of the differential influence of sex hormones and sex chromosomes on dimorphism in tooth crown size (Guatelli-Steinberg et al, 2008: Ribeiro et al, 2012, and attribution of sex in unidentified individuals in Nepal (Acharya & Mainali, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size: Variability within and between groups

Lukacs

2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size is often used to identify sex in sub-adults from archeological sites and forensic settings. Yet sexual dimorphism in deciduous dental attributes is less well documented than in permanent teeth. This analysis was conducted to document variation in sexual dimorphism within and between a global sample of populations. Methods: Mean deciduous tooth crown size was culled from published literature, yielding a sample of 37 groups. Mean mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) crown dimensions are the basis for computing percent sexual dimorphism [(M/FÀ1) * 100]. Three analyses were conducted: (1) a statistical analysis of mean % sex dimorphism (%SD) within and between populations, (2) an evaluation of rank-ordered %SD by tooth, and (3) an assessment of intergroup patterns in degree of sexual dimorphism. Univariate tests of significance, correlation and regression, and multivariate cluster analysis were used. Results: Mean %SD is low overall (1.77) for 26 groups and the level of dimorphism is not significantly different for MD (1.68) and BL (1.72) dimensions. The most sexual dimorphic deciduous teeth include incisor, canine and molar tooth types, while in the permanent dentition canines are consistently most sexual dimorphic. Global variation in sexual dimorphism of deciduous tooth size is low with little inter-ethnic variation.Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism in crown size is lower and more variably expressed than in permanent teeth. Differences may relate to developmental, chromosomal, and hormonal factors. Degree of sexual dimorphism is not associated with ethnicity in this global sample.

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Dimorphism in dental tissues: Sex differences in archaeological individuals for multiple tooth types

Cited by 13 publications

References 129 publications

Technical note: Estimating original crown height in worn mandibular canines using aspects of dentin morphology

Technical note: Estimating original crown height in worn mandibular canines using aspects of dentin morphology

A scoping review to map the concept, content, and outcome of wilderness programs for childhood cancer survivors

Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size: Variability within and between groups

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