Digitalization Culture vs Archaeological Visualization: Integration of Pipelines and Open Issues

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Scholars with different backgrounds have carried out extensive surveys centred on how 3D digital models, data acquisition and processing have changed over the years in fields of archaeology and architecture and more in general in the Cultural Heritage panorama: the current framework focused on reality-based modelling is then split in several branches: acquisition, communication and analysis of buildings (Pintus et alii, 2014). Despite the wide set of well-structured and all-encompassing surveys on the IT application in Cultural Heritage, several open issues still seem to be present, in particular once the purpose of digital simulacra is the one to fit with the "pre-informatics" legacy of architectural/archaeological representation (historical drawings with their graphic codes and aesthetics). Starting from a series of heterogeneous matters that came up studying two Italian UNESCO sites, this paper aims at underlining the importance of integrating different pipelines from different technological fields, in order to achieve multipurpose models, capable to comply with graphic codes of traditional survey, as well as semantic enrichment, and last but not least, data compression/portability and texture reliability under different lighting simulation.

Hbim Methodologies for the Architectural Restoration. The Case of the Ex-Church of San Quirico All’olivo in Lucca, Tuscany

“…The evolution of geomatics methodologies currently provides several solutions for the generation of such models. To date, the highest performing methodology as regards geometric precision and strictness in texture mapping is the integration between laser scanning and photogrammetry [Caroti et al, 2015;Cipriani & Fantini, 2017;Gruen, 2009;Piemonte, et al, 2018], the latter in its latest acceptation, i.e. exploiting Structure from Motion and Multi-View Stereo algorithms [Remondino et al, 2014;Wenzel, et al, 2013].…”

GUIDELINES FOR A DIGITAL REINTERPRETATION OF ARCHITECTURAL RESTORATION WORK: REALITY-BASED MODELS AND REVERSE MODELLING TECHNIQUES APPLIED TO THE ARCHITECTURAL DECORATION OF THE TEATRO MARITTIMO, VILLA ADRIANA

“…At the base of this research there is a complete digital model of the entire complex of the Maritime Theatre that allows both to extrapolate data using reverse modelling methodology, and to relocate the friezes (Cipriani and Fantini, 2017). For the purposes of this study, the global model has been used as a reference basis for the extrapolation of the circumferences related to the original parts of the building, today still visible.…”

“…Therefore, the need of an overall re-reading of the order and placement of the friezes in the light of new available data is compelling. In recent years, in fact, the Maritime Theatre, as well as many other parts of the Villa, has been subject to several surveying campaigns, carried out through active sensors technology with the use of 3D laser scanner, and additional measurement campaigns by means of digital photogrammetry (Cipriani and Fantini, 2017). The availability of these three-dimensional models allowed determining -with greater reliability and precision than ever before -the radius of curvature of the remains of the ancient masonry and the classical order, with the aim to understand the original location of the decorated entablatures.…”

“…Particular attention was paid to lighting control during the data acquisition phase: two studio lamps with a total of 8x36W daylight fluorescent lamps have been used, with two softboxes 60x60cm in order to avoid spots of shadows on the figured friezes surface that might generate data acquisition errors and sharp shadows in the final texture (Figure 3). The meshes were divided according to semantic parameter concerning the order disposition (bases, columns, walls, entablatures), to extract a best fitting circumferences from each category (Cipriani and Fantini, 2017) (Figure 4). …”

Computer Graphics Meets Image Fusion: The Power of Texture Baking to Simultaneously Visualise 3d Surface Features and Colour

“…As such, it makes sense to focus on robust approaches for de-shadowing the diffuse texture map. Virtually recreating the lighting situation during image acquisition and, in combination with the meshed surface, use these data to render shadows that can be subtracted from the source photographs (Cipriani and Fantini, 2017) is an approach worth pursuing.…”