“…Several studies have attempted to define Industry 4.0 and related terms (e.g., Nosalska et al, In Press;Fatorachian and Kazemi, 2018;Xu, 2018); to clarify single technological paradigms such as the IoT (e.g., Lu et al, 2018b), AMTs (e.g., Gardan, 2016) and the blockchain technology (e.g., Pournader et al, 2020); and to conceptualize specific underlying constructs such as the "smart factory" (e.g., Osterrieder et al, 2020) or the "digital supply chain" (e.g., Schniederjans et al, 2020;Garay-Rondero et al, 2020). Overall, however, there is still no agreed-upon definition either of the phenomenon or of its constituent elements.…”