Digestive recovery of sulfur‐methyl‐<scp>l</scp>‐methionine and its bioaccessibility in Kimchi cabbages using a simulated <i>in vitro</i> digestion model system

Integrative Medicine Research

et al. 2014

Self Cite

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP) coating on the digestive stability and intestinal transport of green tea catechins (GTCs).MethodsTwo types of HPMCP coating were prepared: one type with size smaller than 500 μm (S-HPMCP) and the other with size larger than 500 μm (L-HPMCP). An in vitro gastrointestinal model system coupled with Caco-2 cells was used for estimating the bioavailability of GTCs. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array detector was performed to analyze GTCs.ResultsThe digestive stability of GTCs was enhanced up to 33.73% and 35.28% for S-HPMCP and L-HPMCP, respectively. Intestinal transport of the GTCs was increased to 22.98% and 23.23% for S-HPMCP and L-HPMCP, respectively. Overall, the bioavailability of GTCs increased by 4.08 and 11.71 times for S-HPMCP and L-HPMCP, respectively.ConclusionThe results of this study confirm that coating with HPMCP could be a way to improve the digestive stability and intestinal transport of GTCs.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate coating on digestive stability and intestinal transport of green tea catechins

Integrative Medicine Research

et al. 2014

Self Cite

“…The bioaccessibility of rutin from blended juice containing various fruits to increase vitamin C was found to be 22.16%, which was 1.12 and 1.16 times lower than that of SGV and SGK, respectively [38]. A previous study demonstrated that the bioaccessibility of vit U digested from Kimchi cabbage was higher than that of vit U alone [33]. In a similar finding, the study reported that 8.83%, 14.71%, and 10.88% of bioaccessibility were found for salivary, gastric, and small intestinal parts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We investigated whether vit U can act as a natural excipient ingredient to promote bioaccessibility and digestive absorption of SGV. The fact that matrix significantly influences the bioavailability or bioactivity of vit U has been demonstrated in the in vitro digestion model system [31,32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Intestinal Absorption of Vitamin U in Steamed Graviola Leaf Extract Activates Nicotine Detoxification

Choi

et al. 2019

Nutrients

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Graviola leaves contain much vitamin U (vit U), but their sensory quality is not good enough for them to be developed as food ingredients. Addition of excipient natural ingredients formulated alongside vit U as active ingredients could enhance not only its sensory quality but also its bioavailability. The objectives of this study were to measure the bioaccessibility and intestinal cellular uptake of bioactive components, including rutin, kaempferol-rutinoside, and vit U, from steamed extract of graviola leaves (SGV) and SGV enriched with kale extract (SGK), and to examine how much they can detoxify nicotine in HepG2 cells. The bioaccessibility of vit U from SGV and SGK was 82.40% and 68.03%, respectively. The cellular uptake of vit U in SGK by Caco-2 cells was higher than that in SGV. Cotinine content converted from nicotine in HepG2 cells for 120 min was 0.22 and 0.25 μg/mg protein in 50 μg/mL of SGV and SGK, respectively, which were 2.86 and 3.57 times higher than the no-treatment control. SGK treatment of HepG2 cells upregulated CYP2A6 three times as much as did that of SGV. Our results suggest that graviola leaf extract enriched with excipient ingredients such as kale could improve vit U absorption and provide a natural therapy for detoxifying nicotine.

“…It implies that oral intake of 3.98 kg of celery per day will be needed. Previous study found that SMM was unstable under digestive fluid with 0.68% of digestive recovery during in vitro digestion, suggesting that a high dosage of SMM is necessary to show specific biological activites by oral intake (Lee and others ). To our knowledge, there was limited study on the absorption of SMM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of S‐methyl‐L‐methionine (SMM) from Brassicaceae Family Vegetables and Characterization of the Intestinal Transport of SMM by Caco‐2 Cells

Song

Journal of Food Science

Shim

2016

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The objectives of the current study were to determine S-methyl-L-methionine (SMM) from various Brassicaceae family vegetables by using validated analytical method and to characterize the intestinal transport mechanism of SMM by the Caco-2 cells. The SMM is well known to provide therapeutic activity in peptic ulcers. The amount of SMM from various Brassicaceae family vegetables ranged from 89.08 ± 1.68 μg/g to 535.98 ± 4.85 μg/g of dry weight by using validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry method. For elucidating intestinal transport mechanism, the cells were incubated with or without transport inhibitors, energy source, or a metabolic inhibitor. Phloridzin and verapamil as inhibitors of sodium glucose transport protein (SGLT1) and P-glycoprotein, respectively, were not responsible for cellular uptake of SMM. Glucose and sodium azide were not affected by the cellular accumulation of SMM. The efflux ratio of SMM was 0.26, implying that it is not effluxed through Caco-2 cells. The apparent coefficient permeability (P ) of SMM was 4.69 × 10 cm/s, indicating that it will show good oral absorption in in vivo.