Diffusion of Water at Low Saturation Levels into Sandstone Rock Plugs Measured by Broad Line Magnetic Resonance Profiling

McDonald, P.J.; Pritchard, Tim; Roberts, S

doi:10.1006/jcis.1996.0056

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…They proposed then to enhance the diffusion theory by considering diffusion coefficients which were function of the water content. Many authors followed this idea, up to quite recently with some studies in which apparent diffusion coefficients were experimentally determined through the water content analysed in the studied samples (Pel et al 1996;McDonald et al 1996). Philip and De Vries (1957) were among the first ones who developed a model which distinguished the liquid and the vapour transfer.…”

Section: Modelling Drying Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among various existing techniques, an early use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance by various authors has to be mentioned. For instance, Pel et al (1996), McDonald et al (1996) determined, by assuming diffusion as the only cause of water transfer, apparent diffusion coefficients in function of the water content obtained along profiles during the drying. X-ray tomography imaging, that we use in this study, seems to have been later applied for investigations on drying.…”

Section: X-ray Microtomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Water Transfer and Hydraulic Connection Layer During the Convective Drying of Rigid Porous Material

et al. 2014

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The convective drying of a natural porous material, limestone, is investigated in this study, with both experimental and numerical approaches. The first experimental campaign, which focuses on the influence of samples' slenderness, suggests the presence of a hydraulic connection layer between the porous water and the external environment, in spite of the very fine pore structure of the material. This hydraulic transfer enables the fast water evaporation at the beginning of the drying test, when external conditions drive the kinetics. Furthermore, the results show that this layer does not exceed 30 mm deep from the external surface, given the drying conditions of the test. A second experimental campaign aims to analyse, by mean of an X-ray tomography tool, the internal water content during the drying. It confirms that water transfer takes place within the limestone in two distinct stages. The first stage being faster than the second one with a homogeneous desaturation along the sample, it is consistent with the hypothesis of the hydraulic connection layer. Finally, the finite element modelling makes possible to identify the main mechanisms of water transfer, namely liquid convection and vapour diffusion. Keywords

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Section: Modelling Drying Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: X-ray Microtomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

On Water Transfer and Hydraulic Connection Layer During the Convective Drying of Rigid Porous Material

et al. 2014

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“…stone with decreased local relative humidity. Indeed, this shortening can be used to characterise the pore structure when the relative humidity is known [7,8].…”

Section: Experiments 2-water Penetration Into Untreated Sandstonementioning

confidence: 99%

The use of magnetic resonance imaging techniques in assessing the uptake of surface treatments and water movement through stone faces

et al. 1998

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This paper addresses some practical questions regarding the influence of hydrophobic treatments on the movement of water in sandstone. The broad line gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging technique has been used for monitoring the depth of penetration of alkyl alkoxysilane treatment into untreated sandstone and subsequently to visualise the movement and spatial distribution profile of water in the untreated and silane treated sandstone matrix. The experimental results show that the effect of hyrdrophobic treatment depends on whether the stone is in short-term or prolonged contact with water. For short term exposure, the presence of a silane treatment prevents the movement of water into and out of the sandstone matrix. However, after continuous long-term contact with water the hydrophobic treatment is unable to prevent the ingress and internal redistribution of water. The ability of water to infiltrate treated regions of sandstone has significant practical implication for stone structures where deterioration may be due to outward movement of water from the interior to the surface of the stone matrix

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“…In order to visualise liquids in confined geometries where lack of motion, magnetic heterogeneities and paramagnetic impurities all broaden the line width, it is necessary to use more specialised broad line methods. One such technique is the repetitive pulse gradient echo method [5]. This novel method has prevously been successfully applied to imaging the uptake of surface treatments and subsequent movement of water in both building stone [6,7] and cementitiuous materials [8].…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore-structure and water transport properties of surfacetreated building stones

et al. 2000

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This paper describes the details of a laboratory investigation aimed at ascertaining the effect of penetrating surface treatments on the micro-porosity and water transport properties of three building stones used in the construction of historic buildings and monuments within Europe. The pore-structure and morphology of treated and untreated stone specimens were assessed using a combination of helium autopycnometry, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Water repeUence and transport properties were evaluated using the Karsten tube and magnetic resonance imaging techniques respectively.It was found that surface penetrating treatments have a pore-refining effect on the stone matrix, the extent of internal alteration being dependent on the initial porestructure. A treatment efficiency index has been established for evaluating the performance of treated surfaces.

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Diffusion of Water at Low Saturation Levels into Sandstone Rock Plugs Measured by Broad Line Magnetic Resonance Profiling

Cited by 22 publications

References 3 publications

On Water Transfer and Hydraulic Connection Layer During the Convective Drying of Rigid Porous Material

On Water Transfer and Hydraulic Connection Layer During the Convective Drying of Rigid Porous Material

The use of magnetic resonance imaging techniques in assessing the uptake of surface treatments and water movement through stone faces

Pore-structure and water transport properties of surfacetreated building stones

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