Diffuse infantile hemangiomatosis of the ileum presenting with multiple perforations: a case report and review of the literature

Intestinal hemangioma presenting as recurrent hematochezia in a 6-week-old male

“…Hemangiomas of the gastrointestinal tract are rare and estimated to account for 0.05% of intestinal neoplasms, with the most common site being the small intestines, specifically the jejunum and ileum [2,3]. Patients with GI hemangiomas typically present within the first 4 months of life with melena or hematochezia [3], abdominal pain, anemia, and occasionally intussusception, obstruction [4], or intestinal perforation [3,5].…”

A Preterm Infant with Abdominal Distension and Bloody Stools

“…[1][2][3] GI hemangiomas are rare bowel tumors that are located exclusively in the midgut, in the distribution of the superior mesenteric artery. 3 Patients are mostly female, sometimes have associated cutaneous hemangiomas, [1][2][3] are frequently misdiagnosed with necrotizing enterocolitis or cow milk protein sensitivity, 1 and occasionally undergo laparotomy for diagnostic purposes. 1,4 Highresolution ultrasound examination with Doppler, considered to be the least invasive radiographic modality, confirmed computed tomography angiography findings in this infant (Figure).…”

Beyond hepatic hemangiomas: the diverse appearances of gastrointestinal and genitourinary hemangiomas

“…Diffuse infiltrating tumors are usually solitary [41]. Most small bowel hemangiomas are symptomatic, unlike other organs, and may present with hemorrhage, abdominal pain, obstruction, intussusception, or rarely perforation [37,41,56]. Polypoid lesions usually become symptomatic during or after adolescence, while diffuse lesions can present as early as infancy [41].…”

“…Barium studies can show nodular compressible filling defects originating from the wall when the lesions are large enough or diffuse luminal narrowing in diffuse hemangiomas [37]. On CT enterography, depending on size and type of involvement, hemangiomas may appear as discrete masses or polyps [58], or as diffuse wall thickening [56]. They may sometimes exhibit typical peripheral enhancement with gradual fill-in of the rest of the lesion [41].…”

“…They may sometimes exhibit typical peripheral enhancement with gradual fill-in of the rest of the lesion [41]. Some small bowel hemangiomas, especially the small ones, may not be visible on CT in which case MRI may be useful [57], showing typical hyperintensity on T2W sequences [56]. Capsule endoscopy can aid in detecting these lesions and may suggest the vascular nature of the mass when it exhibits the typical bluish or reddish color [58].…”