Diffraction gratings: from principles to applications in high-intensity lasers

Bonod, Nicolas; Néauport, Jérôme

doi:10.1364/aop.8.000156

Cited by 197 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 166 publications

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“…7(a)): the lower the incubation fluence, the higher the damage density. This difference is likely due to the electric field enhancement with the corrugation, 19 considering that damage precursors are the same for both samples.…”

Section: B Interpretation Of Damage Results Obtained On Different Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime

Lamaignère

Díaz

Chambonneau

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime The chronology of the physical processes involved in the nanosecond laser damage of fused silica is investigated at 1064 nm. From experiments realized with multiple longitudinal mode pulses, the correspondence between ring pattern damage morphology and the corresponding intensity profile allows the distinction of two damage phases: an incubation phase followed by a damage expansion phase that leads to the final damage diameter. It allows us to determine both the incubation and the expansion fluences. These results are compared to damage density measurements for different laser configurations, different optics, and different environments. It was found that damage densities were as high as incubation fluences were low. This approach shows a deterministic part of laser damage in nanosecond regime and contributes to reinforce the statistical results by reducing their random nature and is more able to guide the physical interpretations of laser damage experiments.Published by AIP Publishing.[http://dx

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Section: B Interpretation Of Damage Results Obtained On Different Sumentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime

Lamaignère

Díaz

Chambonneau

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Bragg-type gratings can be applied as couplers for laser diodes, in optical fibers (to reflect light in the fibers or for mode coupling in multimode fibers), for data storage and many others. [14] The structures that cause light diffraction occur in several places in nature. This type is often referred to as a thin grating.…”

Section: Diffraction Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As we shall see here, both changes are desired in LC gratings. [14] The structures that cause light diffraction occur in several places in nature. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Indeed, grating-like structures (periodic structures) are very common in nature, such as the periodicity of gene segments in biological body which leads to the diversity of biology; distribution periodicity of energy band determines the transportation of electrons and thereby influences the conductivity and dielectricity of the materials.…”

Section: Diffraction Gratingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Control of Light Direction Enabled by Stimuli‐Responsive Liquid Crystal Gratings

et al. 2018

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the duality consolidation, the idea of controlling light and how it interacts with matter has always been an exciting topic. Visible light, as we perceive it, is a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum composed of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space and presents wave-like and particle-like behavior. Since the elements comprising matter possess dynamic electron clouds, the electromagnetic nature of light prompts different responses when it interacts with different materials, depending on its intensity, frequency, the arrangement of molecules, and so on. Whenever light interacts with matter, it might be absorbed, re-emitted, scattered, or transmitted. Although these effects are well known, the combination of them with new, innovative materials pushes optics forward. In fact, advances in optics have often occurred through the development of materials with improved optical properties, thus creating remarkable applications that tremendously influence our daily lives. These exciting applications include image processing and recording, lasing, data storage, display devices, detector systems, propulsion systems, and optical tweezers, which have enabled remote micromanipulation of colloidal particles and promising applications in various biomedical and biological applications. [1][2][3] There is, however, one component that stands out: the diffraction grating. It is generally regarded as one of the most important devices in the development of several fields of science. [4] Such importance comes from the fact that a diffraction grating is a device with a periodic structure capable of changing the propagation and splitting the spectrum The ability to control light direction with tailored precision via facile means is long-desired in science and industry. With the advances in optics, a periodic structure called diffraction grating gains prominence and renders a more flexible control over light propagation when compared to prisms. Today, diffraction gratings are common components in wavelength division multiplexing devices, monochromators, lasers, spectrometers, media storage, beam steering, and many other applications. Next-generation optical devices, however, demand nonmechanical, full and remote control, besides generating higher than 1D diffraction patterns with as few optical elements as possible. Liquid crystals (LCs) are great candidates for light control since they can form various patterns under different stimuli, including periodic structures capable of behaving as diffraction gratings. The characteristics of such gratings depend on several physical properties of the LCs such as film thickness, periodicity, and molecular orientation, all resulting from the internal constraints of the sample, and all of these are easily controllable. In this review, the authors summarize the research and development on stimuli-controllable diffraction gratings and beam steering using LCs as the active optical materials. Dynamic gratings fabricated by applying external f...

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“…• It is demonstrated that, in contrast to conventional spatially periodic static gratings [6,16,[60][61][62][63][64], in a STP grating each spatial diffraction order is composed of an infinite number of temporal harmonics, each one of which is diffracted at a certain angle of diffraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Space-Time-Periodic Diffraction Gratings: Theory and Applications

2019

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This paper studies the theory and applications of the diffraction of electromagnetic waves by space-time periodic (STP) diffraction gratings. We show that, in contrast with conventional spatially periodic grating, a STP diffraction grating produces spatial diffraction orders, each of which is formed by an infinite set of temporal diffraction orders. Such spatiotemporally periodic gratings are endowed with enhanced functionalities and exotic characteristics, such as asymmetric diffraction pattern, nonreciprocal and asymmetric transmission and reflection, and an enhanced diffraction efficiency. The theory of the wave diffraction by STP gratings is formulated through satisfying the conservation of both momentum and energy, and rigorous Floquet mode analysis. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis of the structure is supported by time and frequency domain FDTD numerical simulations for both transmissive and reflective STP diffraction gratings. Additionally, we provide the conditions for Bragg and Raman-Nath diffraction regimes for STP gratings. Finally, as a particular example of a practical application of the STP diffraction gratings to communication systems, we propose an original multiple access communication system featuring full-duplex operation. STP diffraction gratings are expected to find exotic practical applications in communication systems, especially for the realization of enhanced-efficiency or full-duplex beam coders, nonreciprocal beam splitters, nonreciprocal and enhanced-resolution holograms, and illusion cloaks.• It is shown that each single spatial-temporal diffraction order is diffracted at a distinct angle of

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Diffraction gratings: from principles to applications in high-intensity lasers

Abstract: International audienc

Cited by 197 publications

References 166 publications

Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime

Correlation between laser-induced damage densities of fused silica and average incubation fluences at 1064 nm in the nanosecond regime

Dynamic Control of Light Direction Enabled by Stimuli‐Responsive Liquid Crystal Gratings

Generalized Space-Time-Periodic Diffraction Gratings: Theory and Applications

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