Differing Government Discourses on Korean U-City and Smart City: Cases of Songdo, Sejong City and Seoul

Abstract

As a self-proclaimed 'IT Power Nation', Korea has incorporated information technology at the core of its vision for future development. Already 'ubiquitous eco-cities', most notably Songdo and Sejong City, have been master-planned by the Korean national government and are well under construction as sustainable smart cities of the future. These ucities are defined as intelligent eco-friendly cities using advanced technologies to enhance the citizens' quality of life and city competitiveness. At the municipal level, Seoul, Korea's capital of more than 600 years of history, has adopted 'Smart Seoul' as a slogan since 2011. Interestingly, however, Seoul's mayor emphasizes communication and sharing as major aspects characterizing a smart city. In view of these different approaches, it is pertinent to question the definitions for these u-cities/smart cities and to examine the extent of their commonality as shown in relevant government initiatives and statements. The aim of this paper is to shed light on what is meant to be a smart and green city by critically examining the underlying premises of varying government perspectives. Using Songdo, Sejong City and Seoul as three case studies, the paper focuses, firstly, on the nexus of u-city and smart city definitions, and, secondly highlights the differing government discourses imbedded in their social, economic and environmental policies. Ultimately, the paper calls for a more integrated understanding and vision in government discourses regarding the smart city.

Smart ‘Tourist Cities’ Revisited: Culture-Led Urban Sustainability and the Global Real Estate Market

“…Smart Seoul is not Korea's first attempt to integrate information and communication technologies into the city's development strategies. In 2004, Korea launched the u-City project, which uses most of the information technologies to enhance the competitiveness of cities [105]. Subsequently, Smart Seoul 2015 was adopted to overcome the u-Seoul restrictions that applied information and communication technologies only to the existing traditional infrastructure of cities.…”