Differentiation of the Dolly Varden Char (Salvelinus malma) and the Taranetz Char (Salvelinus taranetzi) Inferred from the PCR–RFLP Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA

Олейник, А. Г.; Скурихина, Л. А.; Брыков, Вл. А.

doi:10.1023/b:ruge.0000021631.11738.25

Cited by 11 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The present analysis of mtDNA sequences indicates that allopatric populations of S. m. malma and S. a. alpinus possess essentially diverged groups of haplotypes and suggests genetic isolation of the taxa studied. However, the observed sequence divergence between S. m. malma and S. a. alpinus is low (1.1%), but exceeds the level of intraspecific variation within the four most studied taxa, which are normally below 0.16% (Wilson et al 1996;Brunner et al 1998;Oleinik et al 2002). Our estimate of the level of divergence is higher than the one reported earlier between the Dolly Varden and S. a. alpinus (Grewe et al 1990) and are within the same range as divergence among mtDNA lineages of North American Arctic charr (Wilson et al 1996) and S. alpinus subspecies (Grewe et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further evidence for a lengthy independent existence and the direction of evolution in this branch follows from comparative study of the level and feature of genetic variability of these two putative species, S. m. malma and S. m. krascheninnikovi (Oleinik et al 2002). The different genealogy of haplotypes, the shape of the mismatch distribution (distribution of the number of nucleotide changes between all haplotypes) and the level of haplotype and nucleotide diversity suggest that S. m. krascheninnikovi is the older taxon of the two evolutionary lineages of Dolly Varden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous analysis of mtDNA sequence variation in the Dolly Varden from the Pacific coast of the northeastern Asia (Oleinik et al 2002(Oleinik et al , 2004b clearly shows the presence of two phylogenetic groups of haplotypes with a nucleotide sequence difference of about 4%. This is consistent with the difference between two distinct evolutionary lineages in the Dolly Varden phylogeny (S. m. malma and S. m. krascheninnikovi) from this region postulated from traditional meristic and morphological characters (Berg 1948;Behnke 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparative analysis of mtDNA variation showed that S. m. malma are unambiguously differentiated from S. taranetzi in their sympatric zone (Oleinik et al 2004a). The mitochondrial genome of S. taranetzi contained a unique set of the haplotypes none of which was found in S. m. malma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, many questions concerning charr evolution and the taxonomic status of some putative species remain unresolved. This work develops our previous studies on the genetic differentiation of the charr species from the Asian Pacific coast (Oleinik et al 2002(Oleinik et al , 2003(Oleinik et al , 2004a. mtDNA is especially useful in unveiling the phylogeny of young groups because it evolves 10 times faster than many nuclear loci (except for microsatellite loci), it is primarily clonally inherited and it does not undergo recombination events (Avise 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Divergence of Salvelinus species from northeastern Asia based on mitochondrial DNA

Олейник¹,

Скурихина²,

Брыков³

2007

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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-Phylogenetic analysis of charrs of the genus Salvelinus was performed using PCR-RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Three fragments of mtDNA (ND1/ND2, ND5/ND6 and Cyt b/D-loop) were amplified by PCR and examined for restriction site variation using 13 restriction endonucleases. Analysis of 313 sites of over 7672 bp of charr mtDNA was conducted. Six phylogenetic lineages of the mtDNA were revealed, corresponding to six separate charr taxa: Salvelinus leucomaenis Pallas; Salvelinus levanidovi Chereshnev, Skopetz & Gudkov; Salvelinus taranetzi Kaganovsky; Salvelinus malma krascheninnikovi Taranetz; Salvelinus malma malma Walbaum and Salvelinus alpinus alpinus. The Levanidov (S. levanidovi) and white-spotted (S. leucomaenis) charrs represented the most divergent lineages. These are probably closest to a common ancestor of the genus. Salvelinus taranetzi was the next divergent lineage. Salvelinus malma krascheninnikovi was placed between S. leucomaenis and S. taranetzi. Salvelinus malma malma and S. a. alpinus were sister taxa, and were on the last branch to diverge. The divergence between S. m. malma and S. a. alpinus inferred from mtDNA nucleotide sequences was 1.1%; between S. m. malma and S. taranetzi 2.8%; between S. m. malma and S. m. krascheninnikovi 4%; between S. taranetzi, S. m. krascheninnikovi and S. a. alpinus 2.8%. Salvelinus levanidovi and S. leucomaenis were almost equally remote from the other charrs by some 9% and 7%, respectively. The extent of genetic differences between the northern S. m. malma populations and the European S. a. alpinus populations indicates that they diverged recently. The existence of many putative charr species with different divergence times in northeastern Asia suggests that this region may be one of the centres of speciation of the genus Salvelinus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Divergence of Salvelinus species from northeastern Asia based on mitochondrial DNA

Олейник¹,

Скурихина²,

Брыков³

2007

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Mitochondrial DNA diversity and relationships of endemic charrs of the genus Salvelinus from Lake Kronotskoye (Kamchatka Peninsula)

Олейник

Скурихина

2009

Hydrobiologia

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Lake Kronotskoye (the Kronotsky Biosphere State Reserve, south-eastern Kamchatka Peninsula) contains three closely related resident morphotypes charrs, which are considered to be either independent species (white charr Salvelinus albus, longhead charr Salvelinus kronocius, Schmidt's charr Salvelinus schmidti) or a united lacustrine-riverine charrs, represented by several phenotypes. Salvelinus malma malma is isolated from the lake charr populations by an upstream migration barrier in the Kronotskaya River, which flows out of the lake. We examined the level of genetic variability and divergence of mtDNA both between charrs from Kronotsky Lake and between resident lacustrine charrs and the hypothetical ancestor species S. m. malma. The RFLP-PCR analysis was used to examine six regions (ND1/ ND2, ND3/ND4L/ND4, ND5/ND6, COI/COII/A8, A8/A6/COIII/ND3, and Cytb/D-loop), comprising *80% of the mtDNA. Significantly different levels of diversity were found among the populations of lacustrine charrs. S. albus and S. schmidti had the highest indices of mtDNA diversity among the investigated populations from the different habitats. Heterogeneity tests revealed highly significant differentiation among lake populations and among riverine (Kronotskaya River) and lake (Lake Kronotskoye) populations of charrs, indicating their reproductive isolation. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance revealed the following regularities of diversity distribution: the high proportion of interpopulation variation (93.25%) and low but statistically significant subdivision between charr populations (6.75%, P \ 0.001). Results of the present study suggest that the populations of S. albus, S. kronocius, S. schmidti belong to the S. m. malma phylogenetic group. The divergence value of mtDNA of resident charrs (0.0357-0.0010%) does not exceed the intraspecific variability of S. m. malma. The analysis of the mtDNA haplotypes genealogy of charrs showed that the low values of nucleotide divergence reflect a short period from the beginning of divergence from the ancestral lineages and are due to ancestral polymorphism, as well as to haplotype exchange between the diverged phylogenetic groups as a result of introgressive hybridization.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

2010

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Genetic variation at eight microsatellite loci was examined in 21 populations of Dolly Varden charrs, Salvelinus malma, representing five geographical regions (Kamchatka Peninsula, Sea of Okhotsk coast, Sea of Japan coast, Sakhalin Island, and Kuril islands). Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance showed that 11% (58% in terms of R-statistics) of the variation was distributed among of northern subspecies of Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma malma and southern Asian Dolly Varden, S. m. krascheninnikovi while similar values were attributed to the amongregional level within northern Dolly Varden 9% (7%) and southern Asian Dolly Varden 11% (14%). Permutation-based tests indicated a mutational component to genetic differentiation based on allelic size variance and suggested that divergence of the two subspecies had occurred at least 3,000 generations ago. On large spatial scales (within the Asian range of the species), populations clustered according to their geographical location. On smaller scales (within regions and subregions) correlation between genetic and geographic distances was not significant. Northern Dolly Varden has higher allelic diversity and more private alleles than southern subspecies, this probably indicating differences in demographic history.

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Differentiation of the Dolly Varden Char (Salvelinus malma) and the Taranetz Char (Salvelinus taranetzi) Inferred from the PCR–RFLP Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Divergence of Salvelinus species from northeastern Asia based on mitochondrial DNA

Divergence of Salvelinus species from northeastern Asia based on mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA diversity and relationships of endemic charrs of the genus Salvelinus from Lake Kronotskoye (Kamchatka Peninsula)

Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

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