Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

Abstract

Genetic variation at eight microsatellite loci was examined in 21 populations of Dolly Varden charrs, Salvelinus malma, representing five geographical regions (Kamchatka Peninsula, Sea of Okhotsk coast, Sea of Japan coast, Sakhalin Island, and Kuril islands). Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance showed that 11% (58% in terms of R-statistics) of the variation was distributed among of northern subspecies of Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma malma and southern Asian Dolly Varden, S. m. krascheninnikovi while similar values were attributed to the amongregional level within northern Dolly Varden 9% (7%) and southern Asian Dolly Varden 11% (14%). Permutation-based tests indicated a mutational component to genetic differentiation based on allelic size variance and suggested that divergence of the two subspecies had occurred at least 3,000 generations ago. On large spatial scales (within the Asian range of the species), populations clustered according to their geographical location. On smaller scales (within regions and subregions) correlation between genetic and geographic distances was not significant. Northern Dolly Varden has higher allelic diversity and more private alleles than southern subspecies, this probably indicating differences in demographic history.

Phylogeography of northern Dolly VardenSalvelinus malma malmabased on analysis of mitochondrial DNA

“…The mtDNA variability data obtained in this research indicate a low level of genetic differentiation within S. m. malma and are in agreement with results from the analysis of nuclear loci of northern Dolly Varden populations from Asia (Osinov and Pavlov ; Osinov ; Gordeeva et al. ) and North America (Gharrett et al. ; Everett et al.…”

“…, ; Gordeeva et al. ) are limited to a restricted part of the species range representing, as a rule, only one continent, either Asia or North America. In this study, we examined the phylogeography of S. m. malma from across its Asian and North American ranges with the aim of elucidating the role of historical events (i.e.…”

Complete mitochondrial genomes of the Northern ( Salvelinus malma ) and Southern ( Salvelinus curilus ) Dolly Varden chars (Salmoniformes, Salmonidae)

“…The taxonomic status of the Dolly Varden chars was investigated intensively using different types of genetic markers (review in Salmenkova & Omelchenko, 2013). There were no fixed differences detected between the Southern and Northern forms with allozyme (Omelchenko et al, 2002) and microsatellite (Gordeeva et al, 2010) markers. However, using PCR-RFLP mtDNA analysis, Oleinik et al (2007) detected a significant level of divergence between the forms (4%).…”

Phylogeography of the Salmonid Fish, Dolly VardenSalvelinus malma: Multiple Glacial Refugia in the North Pacific Rim

“…For example, chromosome data indicates S. m. krascheninnikovi and S. m. lordi, with Western and Eastern lineages S. malma in this study respectively, have 2n = 82, whereas S. m. malma, corresponding to Central Lineage S. malma, have 2n = 78 (Cavender and Kimura, 1989;Phillips et al, 1999;Frolov and Frolova, 2004). Some meristic characters (Gritsenko et al, 1998), nuclear ribosomal genes (Phillips et al, 1995(Phillips et al, , 1999, and microsatellite DNA (Gordeeva et al, 2010) differ significantly between S. m. krascheninnikovi and S. m. malma, suggesting the possibility that they are distinct species. Detailed genetic and ecological studies in sympatric populations around the Sea of Japan and Sea of Okhotsk could determine if these two lineages are separate under the biological species concept.…”