Differentially Expressed Genes of Virulent and Nonvirulent<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>Strains Identified by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization

Freitas, Michelle A. R.; Alvarenga, Angela Cardoso de; Fernandes, Helen; Gil, Frederico Ferreira; Melo, Maria Norma; Pesquero, Jorge Luiz; Gomes, Maria Aparecida

doi:10.1155/2014/285607

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Molecular studies have disclosed a high degree of genetic polymorphism among strains of E. histolytica (246). Researchers have studied variation in genetic expression between virulent and avirulent strains to better understand the disease process (247). Perhaps most interesting, Jaiswal and colleagues studied the allelic variation in E. histolytica and correlated this with the clinical phenotypes of amebiasis (e.g., patients with dysentery versus asymptomatic cyst passers) and found correlations between certain alleles and disease states (248).…”

Section: Laboratory-developed Tests For Gastrointestinal Parasites Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasites from the Gastrointestinal Tract

Garcia¹,

et al. 2018

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This Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology document on the laboratory diagnosis of parasites from the gastrointestinal tract provides practical information for the recovery and identification of relevant human parasites. The document is based on a comprehensive literature review and expert consensus on relevant diagnostic methods. However, it does not include didactic information on human parasite life cycles, organism morphology, clinical disease, pathogenesis, treatment, or epidemiology and prevention. As greater emphasis is placed on neglected tropical diseases, it becomes highly probable that patients with gastrointestinal parasitic infections will become more widely recognized in areas where parasites are endemic and not endemic. Generally, these methods are nonautomated and require extensive bench experience for accurate performance and interpretation.

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Section: Laboratory-developed Tests For Gastrointestinal Parasites Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasites from the Gastrointestinal Tract

Garcia¹,

et al. 2018

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“…However, there is no evidence in support of these activities. Recent studies have suggested the involvement of grainin 2 in amebic virulence because it was found to be present differentially in virulent organisms [63]. EhCaBP2 displays 79% sequence identity with EhCaBP1 and also has 4 Ca 2+ -binding EF-hand domains [66] (Fig 2).…”

Section: Other Cabpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 63,64] EhCaBP7-27 Other calcium-binding proteins encoded in the E. histolytica genome. Function is not deciphered yet.…”

Section: Ehcabp6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba histolytica and pathogenesis: A calcium connection

Babuta

Bhattacharya

2020

PLoS Pathog

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Calcium signaling plays a key role in many essential processes in almost all eukaryotic systems. It is believed that it may also be an important signaling system of the protist parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Motility, adhesion, cytolysis, and phagocytosis/trogocytosis are important steps in invasion and pathogenesis of E. histolytica, and Ca 2+ signaling is thought to be associated with these processes leading to tissue invasion. There are a large number of Ca 2+-binding proteins (CaBPs) in E. histolytica, and a number of these proteins appear to be associated with different steps in pathogenesis. The genome encodes 27 EF-hand-containing CaBPs in addition to a number of other Ca 2+-binding domain/motif-containing proteins, which suggest intricate calcium signaling network in this parasite. Unlike other eukaryotes, a typical calmodulin-like protein has not been seen in E. histolytica. Though none of the CaBPs display sequence similarity with a typical calmodulin, extensive structural similarity has been seen in spite of lack of significant functional overlap with that of typical calmodulins. One of the unique features observed in E. histolytica is the identification of CaBPs (EhCaBP1, EhCaBP3) that have the ability to directly bind actin and modulate actin dynamics. Direct interaction of CaBPs with actin has not been seen in any other system. Pseudopod formation and phagocytosis are some of the processes that require actin dynamics, and some of the amoebic CaBPs (EhC2Pk, EhCaBP1, EhCaBP3, EhCaBP5) participate in this process. None of these E. histolytica CaBPs have any homolog in organisms other than different species of Entamoeba, suggesting a novel Ca 2+ signaling pathway that has evolved in this genus.

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“…Comparison of the transcriptome of highly virulent HM-1: IMSS and less virulent Rahman strain highlighted lower expression of 32 genes, including cysteine proteinases, AIG family members and lasting light chains. Thus, one possible explanation for the differential outcome of disease may be that a single gene product is not responsible, but rather multiple pathways 37 . Additionally, small RNA pyrosequencing indicates that small RNA population may contribute differential gene expression between virulent and nonvirulent strains 38 .…”

Section: Strain Variation and Its Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Amoebiasis in India

Nath¹,

Singha²,

Paul³

et al. 2018

Current Science

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It is now well established that Entamoeba histolytica was indeed a species complex comprising of pathogenic E. histolytica and morphologically indistinguishable non-pathogenic E. dispar and E. moshkovskii. A greater hindrance is the different and inconsistent use of diagnostic methods in different areas of the world. Though microscopy has poor sensitivity, it seems that till today, many epidemiological studies are either based on microscopy alone or PCR assay carried out on microscopy screened samples or PCR assay performed on a very small sample size and thus fails to figure out the true magnitude of amoebiasis. The present review recommends DNA-based systematic approach like rDNA-based DNA dot blot screening followed by PCR assay to determine the true prevalence rate, suggesting its implication in the large-scale epidemiological study. DNA-based studies from across the world showed that the prevalence rate varies from 0.55% to 69.6% among human populations. The studies indicate that various unhygienic practices like unhygienic toilet facilities, poor living conditions, hand washing habits, etc. HIV infection and mutation in LEPR are among common factors that increase the likelihood of amoebiasis. On the other hand, till today it remains unclear if the E. histolytica causing intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis is a similar or different strain.

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Differentially Expressed Genes of Virulent and NonvirulentEntamoeba histolyticaStrains Identified by Suppression Subtractive Hybridization

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasites from the Gastrointestinal Tract

Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasites from the Gastrointestinal Tract

Entamoeba histolytica and pathogenesis: A calcium connection

Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Amoebiasis in India

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