Differential Regulation of Telencephalic Pallial–Subpallial Boundary Patterning by Pax6 and Gsh2

Carney, Rosalind S.E.; Cocas, Laura A.; Hirata, Tsutomu; Mansfield, Kevin; Corbin, Joshua G.

doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn123

Cited by 67 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…To further assess whether Er81 + cells were derived from the RM pallium domain, we analysed rostral CR cells in the Pax6 mutant, in which the VP is not specified and no longer expresses Dbx1 (data not shown) (Carney et al, 2009;Yun et al, 2001), whereas the pallial septum is unaffected and remains positive for Dbx1 expression (data not shown). We found no significant difference in Er81 and reelin co-immunolabelling between wild-type and Pax6 mutant embryos in medial, dorsal ( Fig.…”

Section: The Pallial Septum Gives Rise To Er81mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Fgf8 signalling in the specification of rostral Cajal-Retzius cells

et al. 2010

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SUMMARYCajal-Retzius (CR) cells play a key role in the formation of the cerebral cortex. These pioneer neurons are distributed throughout the cortical marginal zone in distinct graded distributions. Fate mapping and cell lineage tracing studies have recently shown that CR cells arise from restricted domains of the pallial ventricular zone, which are associated with signalling centres involved in the early regionalisation of the telencephalic vesicles. In this study, we identified a subpopulation of CR cells in the rostral telencephalon that expresses Er81, a downstream target of Fgf8 signalling. We investigated the role of the rostral telencephalic patterning centre, which secretes FGF molecules, in the specification of these cells. Using pharmacological inhibitors and genetic inactivation of Fgf8, we showed that production of Fgf8 by the rostral telencephalic signalling centre is required for the specification of the Er81 + CR cell population. Moreover, the analysis of Fgf8 gain-of-function in cultivated mouse embryos and of Emx2 and Gli3 mutant embryos revealed that ectopic Fgf8 signalling promotes the generation of CR cells with a rostral phenotype from the dorsal pallium. These data showed that Fgf8 signalling is both required and sufficient to induce rostral CR cells. Together, our results shed light on the mechanisms specifying rostral CR cells and further emphasise the crucial role of telencephalic signalling centres in the generation of distinct CR cell populations.

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Section: The Pallial Septum Gives Rise To Er81mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Fgf8 signalling in the specification of rostral Cajal-Retzius cells

et al. 2010

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“…Gsx (previously known as Gsh) genes (Gsx1 and Gsx2) represent a family of homeobox genes, which are expressed in discrete progenitor cells of the embryonic brain, including the ventral telencephalon where they govern the early specification of lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) progenitors (3,4,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). More specifically, Gsx genes are required for the development of striatal projection neurons and olfactory bulb interneurons, which are the two major derivatives of the LGE.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…From embryonic day (E) 12.5 and onward, Gsx2 is expressed at a high level in progenitors of the dorsal LGE (dLGE) and relatively lower level in the ventral LGE (vLGE) and MGE progenitors, whereas Gsx1 is expressed mainly in the MGE and vLGE (4,10,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The graded Gsx2 expression pattern in LGE progenitors has recently been implicated in the distinct neuronal output of the dLGE versus the vLGE (17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Homeobox genes Gsx1 and Gsx2 differentially regulate telencephalic progenitor maturation

Pei¹,

Wang²,

Chen

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

105

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Homeobox genes Gsx1 and Gsx2 (formerly Gsh1 and Gsh2) are among the earliest transcription factors expressed in neuronal progenitors of the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) in the ventral telencephalon. Gsx2 is required for the early specification of LGE progenitor cells and recently has been shown to specify different LGE neuronal subtypes at distinct time points. In Gsx2 mutants, Gsx1 compensates, at least in part, for the loss of Gsx2 in the specification of LGE neuronal subtypes. Because no specific phenotype has been described in Gsx1 mutants, it is unclear what role this factor plays in the development of the ventral telencephalon. Here, we used a gain-of-function approach to express either Gsx1 or Gsx2 throughout the telencephalon and found that Gsx1 functions similarly to Gsx2 in the specification of LGE identity. However, our results show that Gsx1 and Gsx2 differentially regulate the maturation of LGE progenitors. Specifically, Gsx2 maintains LGE progenitors in an undifferentiated state, whereas Gsx1 promotes progenitor maturation and the acquisition of neuronal phenotypes, at least in part, through the down-regulation of Gsx2. These unique results indicate that the two closely related Gsx genes similarly regulate LGE patterning but oppositely control the balance between proliferation and differentiation in the neuronal progenitor pool.cell cycle kinetics | self-renewal

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“…The mutual antagonism between Pax6 and Nkx2.1 and later on between Pax6 and Gsh2 is required for the correct positioning of the D/V boundary [65][66][67]. FoxG1 is involved in both ventral and dorsal patterning [27;30;32;42;43;52].…”

Section: Dorsal/ventral Patterningmentioning

confidence: 99%