Differential Rates of Conversion of Testerone to Dihydrotestosterone In Acne and in Normal Human Skin- a Possible Pathogenic Factor in Acne

Sansone, Gail; Reisner, Ronald M.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12261252

Cited by 299 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…3, Table I)), nor can we assess changes in cell type specific expression. It remains to be seen whether similar results will be obtained in hirsutism (35,36) and acne (37), two disorders that are manifest together with the reappearance of Sa-reductase type 1 expression in the skin at puberty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tissue distribution and ontogeny of steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozyme expression.

Thigpen¹,

Silver²,

Guileyardo³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

660

379

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The synthesis of dihydrotestosterone is catalyzed by steroid 5a-reductase isozymes, designated types 1 and 2. Mutation of type 2 results in male pseudohermaphroditism, in which the external genitalia are phenotypically female at birth. Two striking and unexplained features of this disorder are that external genitalia of affected males undergo virilization during puberty and that these individuals have less temporal hair regression. The tissue-specific and developmental expression patterns of the 5a-reductase isozymes were investigated by immunoblotting. The type 1 isozyme is not detectable in the fetus, is transiently expressed in newborn skin and scalp, and permanently expressed in skin from the time of puberty. There was no qualitative difference in 5a-reductase type 1 expression between adult balding vs. nonbalding scalp. The type 2 isozyme is transiently expressed in skin and scalp of newborns. Type 2 is the predominant isozyme detectable in fetal genital skin, male accessory sex glands, and in the prostate, including benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma tissues. Both isozymes are expressed in the liver, but only after birth. These results are consistent with 5a-reductase type 1 being responsible for virilization in type 2-deficient subjects during puberty, and suggest that the type 2 isozyme may be an initiating factor in development of male pattern baldness. (J. Clin. Invest. 1993. 92:903-910.) Key words: dihydrotestosterone* sexual differentiation * benign prostatic hyperplasia* prostate cancer * male pattern baldness

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tissue distribution and ontogeny of steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozyme expression.

Thigpen¹,

Silver²,

Guileyardo³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

660

379

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acne patients produced higher rates of testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) in their skin than healthy individuals. 29 High testosterone levels have been implicated with enhanced sebaceous gland activity in humans 30,31 and consequently with diseases marked by hyperseborrhea, such as Acne vulgaris. However, only a few patients with androgenic disorders exhibit hyperandrogenemia, an observation which indicates the predominance of peripheral tissue events for the occurrence of clinical signs.…”

Section: Effects Of Hormones On Sebaceous Gland Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on the role of the sebaceous gland in the pathogenesis of acne

Makrantonaki

Gancevičienė²,

Zouboulis³

2011

Dermato-Endocrinology

230

168

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“…This dermal tissue is not only the target for circulating androgens; there is evidence that the target is not passive but is capable of processing precursor steroids into potent androgens (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3 alpha, 17 beta-androstanediol glucuronide in plasma. A marker of androgen action in idiopathic hirsutism.

Horton¹,

Hawks²,

Løbo³

1982

J. Clin. Invest.

180

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A B S T R A C T Biologically active androgens and peripheral androgen metabolites in plasma were measured in 25 women with idiopathic hirsutism (IH). Plasma testosterone was not significantly elevated. Free testosterone however was increased although the elevation was not impressive (10.9±6.6 SD vs. 3.3±1.5 ng/dl) and one-fourth of the cases had normal unbound testosterone. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) values were elevated (23.5±14 vs. 12.5±3.59) but again over half of the values were within the normal range. In our series of mild to moderate cases, 3a-diol was not at all discriminatory. However, plasma 3a-diol glucuronide was markedly increased (604±376 vs. 40±10 ng/dl), and elevated in all but one mild case. Previous studies document that DHT is the important androgen in skin and formation of DHT and 3at-diol is markedly increased in vitro in IH. Since 3a-diol glucuronide is derived largely from extrasplanchnic events, f3-glucuronidase is present in skin, and androgen stimulates formation of the enzyme in extrasplanchnic tissue, we conclude that 3a-diol glucuronide is a marker of peripheral androgen action and markedly elevated in IH.

show abstract

Differential Rates of Conversion of Testerone to Dihydrotestosterone In Acne and in Normal Human Skin- a Possible Pathogenic Factor in Acne

Cited by 299 publications

References 5 publications

Tissue distribution and ontogeny of steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozyme expression.

Tissue distribution and ontogeny of steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozyme expression.

An update on the role of the sebaceous gland in the pathogenesis of acne

3 alpha, 17 beta-androstanediol glucuronide in plasma. A marker of androgen action in idiopathic hirsutism.

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