Differential-quadrature-phase-shift quantum key distribution

Inoue, Kyo; Iwai, Y.

doi:10.1103/physreva.79.022319

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The former simplifies the estimation of Eve's information, but requires an overly complicated QKD receiver setup [13][14][15][16] , making it impractical. The latter separates the signal from the differential phase shift protocol into blocks, each having a global phase that varies randomly, ensuring the protocol is immune against coherent attacks 17,18 . It does, however, stray from the main goal of DPR protocols to provide simpler QKD implementations, due to the phase randomization requirement that would ordinarily require extra system components.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating photon coherence to enhance the security of distributed phase reference quantum key distribution

Roberts

Lucamarini

Dynes

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to communicate with theoretically provable secrecy by encoding information on photonic qubits. Current encoders are complex, however, which reduces their appeal for practical use and introduces potential vulnerabilities to quantum attacks. Distributed-phase-reference (DPR) systems were introduced as a simpler alternative, but have not yet been proven practically secure against all classes of attack. Here we demonstrate the first DPR QKD system with information-theoretic security. Using a novel light source, where the coherence between pulses can be controlled on a pulse-by-pulse basis, we implement a secure DPR system based on the differential quadrature phase shift protocol. The system is modulator-free, does not require active stabilization or a complex receiver, and also offers megabit per second key rates, almost three times higher than the standard Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) protocol. This enhanced performance and security highlights the potential for DPR protocols to be adopted for real-world applications.Quantum key distribution (QKD) has developed strongly since the proposal of the first protocol in 1984 1-3 . The future could see widespread quantum networks similar to those in Tokyo 4 and Vienna 5 and global secure communication enabled by QKD over satellites 6 . These advances depend on the development of simple, cost-effective and high performance implementations. Innovations in both protocols and system hardware are required to achieve this.Nearly two decades after the inception of BennettBrassard 1984 (BB84) 1 , distributed phase reference (DPR) QKD was proposed, allowing for much simpler experimental implementations. The class includes the differential phase shift 7,8 and coherent-one-way 9,10 protocols. One advantage is that the transmitters needed to realize these DPR protocols can be made using off-the-shelf telecom lasers and modulators. However the benefit of their simpler implementation is outweighed by a seriously degraded performance when full security is taken into account 3,11,12 . To plug the security gap, two further DPR protocols were proposed: round-robin differential phase shift and differential quadrature phase shift (DQPS). The former simplifies the estimation of Eve's information, but requires an overly complicated QKD receiver setup 13-16 , making it impractical. The latter separates the signal from the differential phase shift protocol into blocks, each having a global phase that varies randomly, ensuring the protocol is immune against coherent attacks 17,18 . It does, however, stray from the main goal of DPR protocols to provide simpler QKD implementations, due to the phase randomization requirement that would ordinarily require extra system components. In this work we show it is possible to produce phase coherent and phase randomized pulses from a single device. This device is based on optical injection of one laser diode into another, removing the need for a phaserandomization component in DQPS by relying on the randomness pr...

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confidence: 99%

Manipulating photon coherence to enhance the security of distributed phase reference quantum key distribution

Roberts

Lucamarini

Dynes

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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“…We performed the phase-encode BB84 and DQPS-QKD [2] protocols, wherein sequential pulses with phase differences of {0, π} {π/2, 3π/2} were transmitted and received with the setup shown in the dashed box, indicated by "Bob" in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Polarization-insensitive Active Basis Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In phase-encoding BB84-based QKD protocols that transmit sequential pulses with phase differences of {0, π} {π/2, 3π/2}, the basis selection is performed by {0, π/2} phase modulation (PM) onto one arm of a delay Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), i.e., active basis selection occurs, which requires phase stabilization for the MZI and polarization control for the phase modulation in practical implementation [1] . Alternatively, a combination of a beam splitter and two MZIs with path phase differences of 0 and π/2, respectively, followed by four single-photon detectors (SPDs), can also be used for passive basis selection [2] . This method is free from the phase-and polarization-control issues, but the receiver is massive and expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BB84 and DQPS-QKD experiments using one polarization-insensitive measurement setup with a countermeasure against detector blinding and control attacks

Alhussein¹,

Inoue²,

Honjo³

2019

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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“…Here we introduce a DQPS protocol considered in this work, which is slightly modified from the one [23] proposed by Inoue and Iwai (See Fig. 1).…”

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security of the differential-quadrature-phase-shift quantum key distribution

2016

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Abstract.One of the simplest methods for implementing quantum key distribution over fiber-optic communication is the Bennett-Brassard 1984 protocol with phase encoding (PE-BB84 protocol), in which the sender uses phase modulation over double pulses from a laser and the receiver uses a passive delayed interferometer. Using essentially the same setup and by regarding a train of many pulses as a single block, one can carry out the so-called differential quadrature phase shift (DQPS) protocol, which is a variant of differential phase shift (DPS) protocols. Here we prove the security of the DQPS protocol based on an adaptation of proof techniques for the BB84 protocol, which inherits the advantages arising from the simplicity of the protocol, such as accommodating the use of threshold detectors and simple off-line calibration methods for the light source. We show that the secure key rate of the DQPS protocol in the proof is eight thirds as high as the rate of the PE-BB84 protocol.Security of differential quadrature phase shift quantum key distribution 2

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Differential-quadrature-phase-shift quantum key distribution

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Manipulating photon coherence to enhance the security of distributed phase reference quantum key distribution

Manipulating photon coherence to enhance the security of distributed phase reference quantum key distribution

BB84 and DQPS-QKD experiments using one polarization-insensitive measurement setup with a countermeasure against detector blinding and control attacks

Security of the differential-quadrature-phase-shift quantum key distribution

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