Differential Properties of Aspergillus niger Tannase Produced Under Solid-State and Submerged Fermentations

Abstract

Significant differences on structure, stability, and catalytic properties of tannase were found when this enzyme was produced under solid-state and submerged fermentations (SSF and SmF) by Aspergillus niger. The specific activity was 5.5 times higher on SSF than in SmF. Significant differences in isoelectric points of tannases were found. The pH optima for both types of enzyme was found at 6 and the pH stability of SSF and SmF tannase were at 6 and 5-8, respectively. The optimal temperature range was from 50 to 60 °C for SmF tannase and 60 °C for SSF tannase, and both enzyme types showed tolerance to high temperatures (60-70 °C). The SSF tannase showed a major specificity for methyl gallate substrate while SmF tannase for tannic acid. All metal ions tested, had an activity inhibition from 30-46% on SSF tannase. SDS-PAGE analysis as well as gel localization studies of both SSF and SmF purified tannases showed a single band with a molecular weight of 102 and 105 kDa, respectively. Different levels of glycosylation were found among SSF and SmF purified tannases. This is the first report about structural differences among tannase produced under SSF and SmF and this study provides basis for explanation of the stability and catalytic differences observed previously for this two tannase types.

Biochemical characterization of immobilized tannase from Aspergillus awamori

“…Fungal tannases were found to be better for hydrolysis of tannins as compared to yeast and bacteria. Among filamentous fungi, the Aspergillus and Penicillium genera are the main tannase producers (Batra and Saxena, 2005;Chhokar et al, 2010;Enemuor and Odibo, 2010;Renovato et al, 2011). Tannase at industrial scale is also produced mainly from Aspergillus species under submerged fermentation (Beniwal et al, 2012).…”

Do cultural conditions induce differential protein expression: Profiling of extracellular proteome of Aspergillus terreus CM20

“…Higher enzyme yields and volumetric productivities associated with SSF have been reported by various researchers (Gamarra et al, 2010;Mazotto et al, 2013;Renovato et al, 2011).…”

Tannase: source, biocatalytic characteristics, and bioprocesses for production

“…Its properties depend more on the source and culture conditions as all characterized tannases from yeast and fungi are glycoproteins. However, bacterial tannases were observed to have no such post-translational modifi cations and signifi cant differences on glycosylation between tannases produced in different culture systems by the same microorganism were noted (Renovato et al, 2011).…”