Differential multiple-valued logic using resonant tunneling diodes

Digital circuit applications of resonant tunneling devices

“…Micheel and Paulus [30] designed a generic single-input, single-output quaternary logic gate using tailored RTD's and current switches. The basic RTD subsystem consists of an RTD in series with a resistor…”

“…The MVL gate designed by Micheel and Paulus [30] is based mainly on current switches and uses RTD's only to provide sharp switching points. A similar effect could be achieved by using conventional transistor inverters with varying thresholds.…”

“…Van der Wagt et al [28] and Shieh et al [29] describe recent work in this area. Multiplevalued logic applications of RTD's, other than memories, were first described by Micheel and Paulus [30], and several RTD-based multiple-valued logic circuits have been described by various authors since then [31]- [34]. Lowpower binary logic using RTD's has been proposed by Chang et al [35].…”

Overview of nanoelectronic devices

“…Fewer devices are required to implement a given logic function when using such multistate devices rather than two-state MOSFET's. This generates circuitry with a higher density of logic functions per switching device [20], [110], [177]. (Fewer devices per logic function could also imply less heat dissipation per function, which might help these nanoelectronic devices [155].…”

Theoretical Prediction of Semiconductor-Free Negative Differential Resistance Tunnel Diodes with High Peak-to-Valley Current Ratios Based on Two-Dimensional Cold Metals

“…For instance, a tunnel SRAM requires a single transistor and two NDR tunnel diodes instead of six transistors in conventional SRAM architecture, which substantially reduces the device footprint area and power consumption. , By employing two NDR diodes connected in series, the monostable–bistable transition logic element gate has been demonstrated to perform NAND and NOR operations. − All other logic gates have also been implemented by combining NDR diodes with CMOS transistors . The binary NDR-based logic has also been extended to the multivalued logic, which increases the information density per given unit device and decreases the overall system complexity. − By a shift from binary to ternary logic, the system complexity can be drastically reduced to 63% …”