Differential localization of rabbit's flocculus Purkinje cells projecting to the medial and superior vestibular nuclei, investigated by means of the horseradish peroxidase retrograde axonal transport

Yamamoto, Miyuki; Shimoyama, Ichiro

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(77)90079-9

Cited by 63 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our results confirm and extend experiments in which degeneration, autoradiography, and/or labeling with (WGA)-HRP were used to study the projections from the flocculus to the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei (rabbit, Alley, 1977;Yamamoto and Shimoyama, 1977;Yamamoto, 1978 and1979;Epema, 1990;Tan et al, 1995c;cat, Voogd, 1964;Angaut and Brodal, 1967;Sat0 et al, 1982a,b;Dietrichs, 1983;Carleton and Carpenter, 1983;Carpenter and Cowie, 1985;galago, Haines, 1977;monkey, Balaban et al, 1981;Carleton and Carpenter, 1983;Langer et al, 1985b;rat, Bernard, 1987;Umetani, 1992). With the use of retrograde labeling with HRP, both Tan et al (1995~) and Yamamoto (1979) distinguished two separate Purkinje cell zones in the rabbit flocculus that project to the SVN.…”

Section: Purkinje Cell Projectionssupporting

confidence: 90%

Projections of individual purkinje cells of identified zones in the flocculus to the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei in the rabbit

Wylie

Zeeuw

DiGiorgi

et al. 1994

J of Comparative Neurology

205

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The rabbit flocculus can be divided into five zones (zones 1, 2, 3, 4, and C2) with the use of acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. The projections of individual Purkinje cells in these zones to the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei were studied by using biocytin as an anterograde tracer. The zones were physiologically identified in terms of the Purkinje cell complex spike modulation occurring in response to optokinetic stimulation. In zones 1 and 3 neurons respond best to rotation about a horizontal axis that is close to perpendicular to the ipsilateral anterior semicircular canal, whereas in zones 2 and 4 neurons respond best to rotation about the vertical axis. Complex spike activity in zone C2 is unresponsive to optokinetic stimulation. Collectively, Purkinje cells of zone 1 projected to the ventral dentate nucleus, dorsal group y, and superior vestibular nucleus; Purkinje cells of zones 2 and 4 projected to the magnocellular and parvicellular parts of the medial vestibular nucleus; Purkinje cells of zone 3 projected to dorsal group y, ventral group y, and the superior vestibular nucleus; and Purkinje cells of zone C2 projected to the interposed posterior nucleus and dorsal group y. Some of the labeled Purkinje cell axons branched and innervated two nuclei. Branching axons from zone 1 either innervated both the ventral dentate nucleus and the superior vestibular nucleus or both dorsal group y and the superior vestibular nucleus. Branching axons from zones 2 and 4 innervated both the magnocellular and the parvicellular parts of the medial vestibular nucleus. Branching axons from zone 3 innervated both dorsal group y and the superior vestibular nucleus, or both ventral group y and the superior vestibular nucleus. Branching axons from zone C2 innervated both the interposed posterior nucleus and dorsal group y. Some of the target nuclei of the floccular Purkinje cell axons (e.g., dorsal group y and interposed posterior nucleus) project to the part of the inferior olive that, in turn, projects to the corresponding floccular zone, thus completing a closed pathway consisting of the inferior olive, the cerebellar cortex, and the cerebellar and vestibular nuclei. Other target nuclei (e.g., superior vestibular nucleus and medial vestibular nucleus) do not project back to the olivary subnuclei that innervate the flocculus and are part of an open olivofloccular pathway. An individual Purkinje cell thus can innervate a nucleus in the closed pathway as well as a nucleus in the open pathway.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

show abstract

Section: Purkinje Cell Projectionssupporting

confidence: 90%

Projections of individual purkinje cells of identified zones in the flocculus to the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei in the rabbit

Wylie

Zeeuw

DiGiorgi

et al. 1994

J of Comparative Neurology

205

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because of the differences in the relative size of the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus across species, it is difficult to make a fair comparison. In the rabbit, for example, the flocculus and a single lobule of ventral paraflocculus (Gerrits and Voogd 1989;Yamamoto and Shimoyama 1977) appear to have anatomical connections with the inferior olive and vestibular nucleus that suggest homology to the floccular complex of monkeys. Lesion studies have not attempted to discriminate the different functions of the two parts of the floccular complex in rabbits, but it seems likely that both structures contribute to VOR adaptation and visual tracking, as we agree is probably the case in monkeys.…”

Section: Comparison With Results Of Lesions In Other Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial Ablations of the Flocculus and Ventral Paraflocculus in Monkeys Cause Linked Deficits in Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements and Adaptive Modification of the VOR

Rambold

Churchland

Selig

et al. 2002

Journal of Neurophysiology

199

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) generates compensatory eye movements to stabilize visual images on the retina during head movements. The amplitude of the reflex is calibrated continuously throughout life and undergoes adaptation, also called motor learning, when head movements are persistently associated with image motion. Although the floccular-complex of the cerebellum is necessary for VOR adaptation, it is not known whether this function is localized in its anterior or posterior portions, which comprise the ventral paraflocculus and flocculus, respectively. The present paper reports the effects of partial lesions of the floccular-complex in five macaque monkeys, made either surgically or with stereotaxic injection of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP). Before and after the lesions, smooth pursuit eye movements were tested during sinusoidal and step-ramp target motion. Cancellation of the VOR was tested by moving a target exactly with the monkey during sinusoidal head rotation. The control VOR was tested during sinusoidal head rotation in the dark and during 30°/s pulses of head velocity. VOR adaptation was studied by having the monkeys wear ×2 or ×0.25 optics for 4–7 days. In two monkeys, bilateral lesions removed all of the flocculus except for parts of folia 1 and 2 but did not produce any deficits in smooth pursuit, VOR adaptation, or VOR cancellation. We conclude that the flocculus alone probably is not necessary for either pursuit or VOR learning. In two monkeys, unilateral lesions including a large fraction of the ventral paraflocculus produced small deficits in horizontal and vertical smooth pursuit, and mild impairments of VOR adaptation and VOR cancellation. We conclude that the ventral paraflocculus contributes to both behaviors. In one monkey, a bilateral lesion of the flocculus and ventral paraflocculus produced severe deficits smooth pursuit and VOR cancellation, and a complete loss of VOR adaptation. Considering all five cases together, there was a strong correlation between the size of the deficits in VOR learning and pursuit. We found the strongest correlation between the behavior deficits and the size of the lesion of the ventral paraflocculus, a weaker but significant correlation for the full floccular complex, and no correlation with the size of the lesion of the flocculus. We conclude that 1) lesions of the floccular complex cause linked deficits in smooth pursuit and VOR adaptation, and 2) the relevant portions of the structure are primarily in the ventral paraflocculus, although the flocculus may participate.

show abstract

“…Therefore, it is interesting that Hsp25 expression is specific to Purkinje cells in both of these regions. Previous reports have concluded that the flocculus can also be divided into zones on the basis of afferent and efferent connectivity (Yamamoto and Shimoyama, 1977;Yamamoto, 1979;Ruigrok et al, 1992;Tan et al, 1995a,b), acetylcholinesterase cyto- chemistry (Tan et al, 1995c) and physiological responses (Kano et al, 1990;van der Steen et al, 1994). For example, olivocerebellar fibers originating in specific olivary subnuclei terminate in four distinct zones in the flocculus of the rabbit (Tan et al, 1995b).…”

Section: Hsp25 Expression In the Paraflocculusmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The boundaries of these zones correspond to those determined by rotational optokinetic stimulation (van der Steen et al, 1994) and by microstimulation and recording from specific vestibular-ocular reflex pathways (Ito, 1982). In addition to physiological zones, Yamamoto and Shimoyama (1977) found that Purkinje cells of the rabbit flocculus that project to different areas in the vestibular nuclei are distributed in a striped pattern (see also Tan et al, 1995a). The parafloccular/floccular reconstruction of Hsp25 expression (Fig.…”

Section: Hsp25 Expression In the Paraflocculusmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Similarly, in the hemispheres, zebrin II immunocytochemistry reveals bands in most lobules but is uniformly expressed by all Purkinje cells in the paraflocculus and flocculus. However, although zebrin II expression fails to differentiate between subsets of Purkinje cells in these lobules, previous reports have demonstrated that Purkinje cells in the CZ, NZ, and paraflocculus/flocculus are compartmentalized with respect to their afferent and efferent connectivity (rabbit, Yamamoto and Shimoyama, 1977;Balaban and Henry, 1988;Wylie et al, 1994;Tan et al, 1995a,b: rat, Serapide et al, 1994Tolbert and Gutting, 1997) and electrophysiological characteristics (Ito, 1982;Kano et al, 1990). The present data indicate that Hsp25 is the first molecular marker to reveal Purkinje cell heterogeneity in the CZ, the NZ, and the paraflocculus/flocculus in the adult cerebellar cortex.…”

Section: Indexing Terms: Zebrin; Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Constitutive expression of the 25-kDa heat shock protein Hsp25 reveals novel parasagittal bands of Purkinje cells in the adult mouse cerebellar cortex

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Differential localization of rabbit's flocculus Purkinje cells projecting to the medial and superior vestibular nuclei, investigated by means of the horseradish peroxidase retrograde axonal transport

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

Projections of individual purkinje cells of identified zones in the flocculus to the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei in the rabbit

Projections of individual purkinje cells of identified zones in the flocculus to the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei in the rabbit

Partial Ablations of the Flocculus and Ventral Paraflocculus in Monkeys Cause Linked Deficits in Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements and Adaptive Modification of the VOR

Constitutive expression of the 25-kDa heat shock protein Hsp25 reveals novel parasagittal bands of Purkinje cells in the adult mouse cerebellar cortex

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About