Differential effects of unilateral optic tract transections and visual cortical lesions upon a pattern discrimination in albino rats with removal of one eye at birth

Sakai, Makoto; Ikeda, Yukinobu; Yagi, Fumio

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(91)90087-5

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Once the task has been learned, a lesion in the contralateral cortex, the ipsilateral cortex or the contralateral optic tract relative to the remaining eye was performed. An ipsilateral lesion resulted in retained learning skills in both the neonatal ME and late ME group whereas in the case of a contralateral lesion, only the neonatal ME rats were able to preserve memory (Yagi and Sakai, 1979 ; Sakai et al, 1991 ). In addition, visual acuity of the remaining eye in neonatally enucleated rats is significantly enhanced at 3 months of age (Sakai et al, 1996 ).…”

Section: Monocular Enucleation As a Brain Plasticity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual system plasticity in mammals: the story of monocular enucleation-induced vision loss

Nys

Scheyltjens

Arckens

2015

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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The groundbreaking work of Hubel and Wiesel in the 1960’s on ocular dominance plasticity instigated many studies of the visual system of mammals, enriching our understanding of how the development of its structure and function depends on high quality visual input through both eyes. These studies have mainly employed lid suturing, dark rearing and eye patching applied to different species to reduce or impair visual input, and have created extensive knowledge on binocular vision. However, not all aspects and types of plasticity in the visual cortex have been covered in full detail. In that regard, a more drastic deprivation method like enucleation, leading to complete vision loss appears useful as it has more widespread effects on the afferent visual pathway and even on non-visual brain regions. One-eyed vision due to monocular enucleation (ME) profoundly affects the contralateral retinorecipient subcortical and cortical structures thereby creating a powerful means to investigate cortical plasticity phenomena in which binocular competition has no vote.In this review, we will present current knowledge about the specific application of ME as an experimental tool to study visual and cross-modal brain plasticity and compare early postnatal stages up into adulthood. The structural and physiological consequences of this type of extensive sensory loss as documented and studied in several animal species and human patients will be discussed. We will summarize how ME studies have been instrumental to our current understanding of the differentiation of sensory systems and how the structure and function of cortical circuits in mammals are shaped in response to such an extensive alteration in experience. In conclusion, we will highlight future perspectives and the clinical relevance of adding ME to the list of more longstanding deprivation models in visual system research.

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Section: Monocular Enucleation As a Brain Plasticity Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual system plasticity in mammals: the story of monocular enucleation-induced vision loss

Nys

Scheyltjens

Arckens

2015

Front. Syst. Neurosci.

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“…This "faster" relearning phenomenon of OEBs is considered to be a behavioral expression of the above mentioned reorganization in the visual system. However, our previous studies (Ikeda et al, 1988;Ikeda et al, 1992;Ikeda et al, 1983;Sakai et al, 1991;Sakai et al, 1996;Yagi & Sakai, 1979;Yagi et al, 1989) have also demonstrated that neither OEBs nor OETs are able to master BW discrimination when the discrimination training is given at 3 months of age and made 10 days after damage of the CT visual cortex. We interpret the reason for the inability to discriminate as follows: In postoperative original learning, rats have to learn to extract the experimenter's defined relevant cues for discrimination from various kinds of potential stimuli, and this might still be difficult, even for OEBs that possess expanded uncrossed visual pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behaviorally, 3-month-old rats with one eye removed at birth (OEBs) can relearn a black-white (BW) discrimination faster than those rats with one eye removed at 13 weeks of age (OETs), when relearning is initiated 10 days after lesions of the visual cortex contralateral to the remaining eye (CT visual cortex). In this case the CT visual cortex lesions are made the day following the completion of original learning (Ikeda, Sakai, & Yagi,1988;Ikeda, Sakai, & Yagi, 1992;Ikeda, Yagi, & Sakai, 1983;Sakai, Ikeda, & Yagi, 1991;Sakai, Ikeda, & Yagi, 1996;Yagi & Sakai, 1979;Yagi, Sakai, & Ikeda, 1989). This "faster" relearning phenomenon of OEBs is considered to be a behavioral expression of the above mentioned reorganization in the visual system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term unilateral visual cortical lesions and learning of a black-white discrimination by one-eyed rats

Ikeda

Sakai

Yagi

2000

Jpn. J. Physiol. Psychol. Psychophysiol.

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In a previous study we investigated the effects of callosal transected lesions made 10 weeks earlier (the 10-week-old callosal transected lesions), either at 3 weeks of age or at 13 weeks of age, upon the acquisition of a black-white (BW) discrimination in rats either with one eye removed at birth (OEB) or at 13 weeks of age (OET) following lesions of the contralateral (CT) visual cortex to the remaining eye. The CT visual cortex lesions were performed right before the training of BW discrimination. We found that the 10-week-old callosal transected lesions facilitated the acquisition in OEBs when the callosal lesions were given at 3 weeks of age, and to a lesser extent at 13 weeks of age. We also found that the same type of callosal transected lesions did not do so in OETs, regardless of the age when the callosal lesions were made.Since the CT visual cortex lesions inevitably result in damage of the callosal neurons, and lead to degeneration of the callosal afferents in the ipsilateral (IP) visual cortex, the present study was undertaken to investigate if the CT visual cortex lesions made 10 weeks earlier (the 10-week-old CT visual cortex lesions), made either at 3 weeks of age or 13 weeks of age, would affect the acquisition of BW discrimination in OEBs and OETs, like the 10-week-old callosal transected lesions employed in the previous study mentioned above.We found that in both OEBs and OETs the overall pattern of the facilitation effects of the 10-week-old CT visual cortex lesions on the acquisition of BW discrimination is, in general, the same as that observed in the 10-week-old callosal transected lesions, but the facilitative effect of the 10-week-old CT visual cortex lesions is more prevailing and pronounced. The findings are discussed in relation to the possible involvement of neurotrophic factors, released when the CT visual cortex lesions were made, in synaptic reorganization, and also in relation to the possibility of the increased use of the uncrossed visual pathways.

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Long-term callosal lesions and learning of a black-white discrimination by one-eyed rats

Ikeda

Sakai²,

Yagi³

1992

Physiology & Behavior

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Differential effects of unilateral optic tract transections and visual cortical lesions upon a pattern discrimination in albino rats with removal of one eye at birth

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Visual system plasticity in mammals: the story of monocular enucleation-induced vision loss

Visual system plasticity in mammals: the story of monocular enucleation-induced vision loss

Long-term unilateral visual cortical lesions and learning of a black-white discrimination by one-eyed rats

Long-term callosal lesions and learning of a black-white discrimination by one-eyed rats

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