Differential effects of lorazepam and oxazepam on priming

Curran, H. Valerie; Gorenstein, Clarice

doi:10.1097/00004850-199300810-00006

Cited by 44 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Despite this facilitation in completions, L impaired performance in the indirect task, corroborating findings that have been repeatedly interpreted as impairment of repetition priming (e.g. Curran and Gorenstein, 1993;Legrand et al, 1995;Stewart et al, 1996;Buffett-Jerrott et al, 1998a,b;Martin et al, 2002). L also had a deleterious effect in the inclusion task, reflecting general BZ amnestic effects (Curran, 1991(Curran, , 2000Buffett-Jerrott and Stewart, 2002), so an alternative explanation for the indirect task impairment would be that L decreased the contribution of explicit memory to performance (see Stewart et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Stem‐completion tasks (indirect, direct inclusion and exclusion) are differently affected by equipotent doses of lorazepam and flunitrazepam

Pompéia¹,

Bueno²,

Galduróz³

et al. 2003

Human Psychopharmacology

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This study was designed to explore the effects on performance in stem-completion tasks of two benzodiazepines (BZ) in equipotent doses: lorazepam, a drug that atypically disrupts perceptual priming, and flunitrazepam, a compound with standard BZ effects. The study followed a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group design. Thirty-six young and healthy subjects carried out three completion tasks at theoretical peak-plasma concentrations of drugs: (a) indirect tasks, in which the subjects were instructed to complete stems with the first word that came to mind; (b) direct inclusion tasks/cued recall, in which the participants had to try to use words seen at study as completions; and (c) direct exclusion tasks, in which words seen at study were to be avoided. The PDP was applied to the results in the inclusion and exclusion tasks, to obtain indices of explicit/controlled (C) and implicit/automatic (A) memory. The C index was lowered by both BZs and A was equivalent in all treatments, confirming the general amnestic action of BZs. However, lorazepam led to decreases in completions in the indirect and inclusion tasks, while flunitrazepam impaired performance in the exclusion task. The qualitative differences between the drugs in their effects on performance suggest that these BZs may lead to differences in response bias.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Stem‐completion tasks (indirect, direct inclusion and exclusion) are differently affected by equipotent doses of lorazepam and flunitrazepam

Pompéia¹,

Bueno²,

Galduróz³

et al. 2003

Human Psychopharmacology

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“…Several drugs have been shown to impair performance on tests of recall or recognition while leaving performance intact on tests of word-stem, word-fragment, or picture completion. This dissociation between performance on explicit and implicit memory tasks has been found with scopolamine (Kopelman & Corn, 1988;Bishop & Curran, 1995, with several benzodiazepines (e.g., Danion, Peretti, & Grange, 1992;Curran & Gorenstein, 1993), and with alcohol (Hashtroudi et al, 1984;Lister, Gorenstein, Risher-Flowers, Weingartner, & Eckardt, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Dissociative Effects of Alcohol on Recollective Experience

Curran

Hildebrandt

1999

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…Therefore, the tests are directly comparable because any differences between responses on the implicit and explicit tasks could only be due to the instructions. At time 1 (100 min post-drug) the researchers found results identical to Curran and Gorenstein (1993), with oxazepam impairing only explicit memory and lorazepam impairing both implicit and explicit memory performance compared to placebo. However, at time 2 (170 min post-drug), the researchers found that both drugs impaired priming and explicit memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Early research indicated that only one benzodiazepine, lorazepam, impaired both implicit and explicit memory (e.g., Brown et al 1989;Knopman 1991). Possible explanations given for this finding have included a different cortical distribution of lorazepam, or a different population of benzodiazepine receptors uniquely affected by lorazepam (Curran et al 1987;Knopman 1991;Sellal et al 1992;Curran and Gorenstein 1993). In the last few years, some research has indicated that lorazepam may not be the only benzodiazepine which impairs priming (Vidailhet et al 1994;Legrand et al 1995;Stewart et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benzodiazepines are absorbed at different speeds and these absorption rates are important predictors of the clinical effects of benzodiazepines . For example, Curran and Gorenstein (1993) compared lorazepam and oxazepam and found that only lorazepam impaired priming. However, lorazepam has been reported as having a peak absorption time of 120 min or less (see review by Greenblatt 1981), whereas oxazepam has a peak absorption time of 162 min (Curran et al 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A further examination of the time-dependent effects of oxazepam and lorazepam on implicit and explicit memory

Buffett-Jerrott¹,

Stewart²,

Teehan

1998

Psychopharmacology

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Until recently, research indicated that all benzodiazepines impair explicit memory, while only lorazepam impairs priming. Stewart and associates provided preliminary data which indicated that both oxazepam and lorazepam may impair implicit memory, but in a time-dependent fashion. The present study was designed to replicate Stewart et al.'s findings after overcoming several limitations of the original study. Thirty subjects were administered an acute dose of lorazepam (2 mg), oxazepam (30 mg) or a placebo and were tested with an implicit (word-stem completion) test and an explicit (cued recall) test. However, subjects were only tested at 170 min post-drug (close to oxazepam's theoretical peak concentration) to rule out the possible "explicit memory contamination" explanation of the Stewart et al. implicit memory findings. Consistent with previous research, both drugs impaired explicit memory relative to placebo. Also, both lorazepam and oxazepam impaired priming performance, supporting the "time-dependence" interpretation of the Stewart et al. findings. The results also indicate that episodic memory is impaired by both benzodiazepines in a time-dependent fashion even when the research methodology used involves everyday memory demands.

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Differential effects of lorazepam and oxazepam on priming

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Stem‐completion tasks (indirect, direct inclusion and exclusion) are differently affected by equipotent doses of lorazepam and flunitrazepam

Stem‐completion tasks (indirect, direct inclusion and exclusion) are differently affected by equipotent doses of lorazepam and flunitrazepam

Dissociative Effects of Alcohol on Recollective Experience

A further examination of the time-dependent effects of oxazepam and lorazepam on implicit and explicit memory

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