Differential effect of ionizing radiation exposure on multipotent and differentiation‐restricted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Debilitating effects of bone marrow from ionizing radiation exposure has been well established for hematopoietic stem cells; however, radiation toxicity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been controversial. The present study addressed if ionizing radiation exposure differently affected bone marrow MSCs with various differentiation commitments. Mouse bone-marrow-derived MSCs, D1 cells of early passages (≤ 5 passages; p5) maintained the complete characteristics of multipotent MSCs, whereas, after ≥ 45 passages (p45) the differentiation capability of D1 cells became partially restricted. Both p5 and p45 D1 cells were subjected to single dose irradiation by radioactive isotope (137)Cs. Radiation treatment impaired cell renewal and differentiation activities of p5 D1 cells; however, p45 D1 cells were less affected. Radiation treatment upregulated both pro- and anti-apoptotic genes of p5 D1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, potentially resulting in the various apoptosis thresholds. It was found that constitutive as well as radiation-induced phosphorylation levels of histone H2AX was significantly higher in p45 D1 cells than in p5 D1 cells. The increased repair activity of DNA double-strand breakage may play a role for p45 D1 cells to exhibit the relative radioresistance. In conclusion, the radiation toxicity predominantly affecting multipotent MSCs may occur at unexpectedly low doses, which may, in part, contribute to the catabolic pathology of bone tissue.

Transcriptome profiling of granulosa cells from bovine ovarian follicles during atresia

“…This model proposes that different types of granulosa cells within the same follicle are derived from stem cells which grow and divide and eventually differentiate into antral, basal and cumulus granulosa cells in the antral follicle. Hence, at any one time not all granulosa cells would be equal and some could be more susceptible to apoptosis than others, as stem cells in muscle [31], neural [32] and bone marrow [33] are (reviewed in [34]).…”

Cytokine, Chemokine, and Growth Factor Profile Characterization of Undifferentiated and Osteoinduced Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

“…In vitro osteogenic differentiation was performed at the same conditions described above to run a series of assays aiming at revealing established bone markers, as described elsewhere [25, 26]. …”

Guiding the osteogenic fate of mouse and human mesenchymal stem cells through feedback system control

“…Mouse MSC (D1 ORL UVA [D1] or D1 cell, ATCC® Number: CRL-12424™) was selected as a multipotent MSC platform with the capability of expeditious osteogenic fate determination in vitro 101124. Cell culture medium containing 2% or 10% FBS and 1% antibiotics was utilized as the control medium (negative control).…”

“…D1 cells exhibit specific MSC surface markers and are capable of developing osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation24. The cells lines were maintained at subconfluence in Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% antibiotics in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 37°C.…”