Differential Diagnosis of Liver Diseases by Enzyme Patterns. A Historical Review

Ritis, F. De; Cacciatore, L

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68748-8_2

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 14 publications

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“…In addition, the serum decrease in Hex activity was found to be statistically related to the serum increase in AsT activity. Therefore, in our experimental model, the necrotic hepatocytes could not be considered as the cellular source for Hex activity, be cause it is well known that the acute liver cell necrosis determines a significant decrease in liver tissue and a corresponding increase in serum of most of the enzymatic activities [11,12].…”

Section: Biochemical Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Hexosaminidase Activity in the Acute Phase of CCI(4) Poisoning in the Rat

Antoniello

Auletta

Cerini

et al. 1990

Enzyme

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β-Hexosaminidase (Hex) activity has been shown to be increased in the sera of patients with chronic liver diseases as well as in rats with CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis. In this study, serum and liver Hex activity was determined in rats during the acute phase of CCl(4) poisoning, a widely used animal model of acute necrotic liver damage. The results showed a statistically significant decrease of Hex activity in the sera of rats 36 h after CCl(4) poisoning (5.84 ± 2.90 U/l), as compared to controls (11.58 ± 1.35 U/l; p < 0.001). No significant change was observed in liver tissue of CCl4-treated animals and controls. A significant correlation between the decrease in Hex and the increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase in serum was found. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that this lysosomal enzyme could be released by non-parenchymal liver cells, such as activated macrophages: its increased activity could be the expression of macrophage activation, as demonstrated in patients with chronic liver diseases.

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Section: Biochemical Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Hexosaminidase Activity in the Acute Phase of CCI(4) Poisoning in the Rat

Antoniello

Auletta

Cerini

et al. 1990

Enzyme

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Biochemical diagnosis of liver disease

Wolf¹

1999

Indian J Clin Biochem

239

148

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It is important that clinicians and laboratorians, including clinical chemists and pathologists, recognize and understand the clinical significance of abnormal liver function tests. The liver regulates many important metabolic f u n c t i o n s . Hepatic injury is associated with distortion of these metabolic functions. Hepatic disease can be evaluated and diag.nosed by determining serum concentrations of a number of serum analytes. Many serum analytes exist to assist in the biochemical diagnosis of liver disease. The focus of this paper is on the analytes which are associated with hepatic necrosis, cholestasis, defects in excretion and end stage hepatic disease which results in decreased synthetic function. The abnormalities of these serum analytes will be correlated with the important types of liver disease.

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Hepatotoxicity Induced by the Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Venom Sac Extract

Neuman

Ishay

Waron

et al. 1991

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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Experiments were performed to investigate the nature of the in vitro and human liver damage exposed to hornets' acute or repeated stings. The hornet investigated is the one ubiquitous in Israel - Vespa orientalis. Experiments were performed in living cats and rats, after single or multiple exposures to venom-sac extracts (VSE) and in various doses. The injury was demonstrated by the increased levels of enzymes, bile acids and cholesterol in serum. Also measured was Beta-N-acetyl hexosaminidase (BNAH) which probably is the only biochemical indicator available of Kupffer-cell function. This, too, was found increased. Other experiments consisted of perfusion of the isolated, intact, rat liver in situ with measurements of enzyme leakage into perfusate and of bile flow. Another set of experiments involved the effects of VSE on in vitro monolayer tissue culture of rat embryos' livers. We examined damage to organelles and compared the damage produced by intact VSE with that produced by the venom sac extract after treatment by heat or dialysis. Light morphology, special stains, electron microscopy and morphometry were all performed. In the first set of experiments no shock was observed in cats and rats exposed to VSE. The increases in enzymes' activity in serum and liver perfusion fluid were significant. Histochemistry indicated decrease of hepatic glycogen and of cellular succinic dehydrogenase as well as hepatic fat infiltration and an increase of alkaline phosphatase activity in liver cells close to the bile capillaries.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Differential Diagnosis of Liver Diseases by Enzyme Patterns. A Historical Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

β-Hexosaminidase Activity in the Acute Phase of CCI(4) Poisoning in the Rat

β-Hexosaminidase Activity in the Acute Phase of CCI(4) Poisoning in the Rat

Biochemical diagnosis of liver disease

Hepatotoxicity Induced by the Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Venom Sac Extract

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