Differential Antioxidant Responses and Perturbed Porphyrin Biosynthesis after Exposure to Oxyfluorfen and Methyl Viologen in Oryza sativa

Pham, Nhi-Thi; Kim, Jin-Gil; Jung, Sunyo

doi:10.3390/ijms160716529

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Metabolites in the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway are highly photoreactive and can easily be excited and transfer the energy to O 2 . Proto IX and protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) are especially reactive with O 2 to form reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is harmful to cells and causes the peroxidation of membrane lipids [3,4]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Growth Characteristics and Regulation of Porphyrin Biosynthesis in Rice Seedlings

Tran

Jung

2017

IJMS

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Abstract:We examined the effects of light quality on growth characteristics and porphyrin biosynthesis of rice seedlings grown under different wavelengths from light emitting diodes (LEDs). After 10 days of exposure to various wavelengths of LEDs, leaf area and shoot biomass were greater in seedlings grown under white and blue LEDs than those of green and red LEDs. Both green and red LED treatments drastically decreased levels of protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX) and Mg-porphyrins compared to those of white LED, while levels of Mg-Proto IX monomethyl ester and protochlorophyllide under blue LED were decreased by 21% and 49%, respectively. Transcript levels of PPO1 were greatly upregulated in seedlings grown under red LED compared to white LED, whereas transcript levels of HO2 and CHLD were upregulated under blue LED. Overall, most porphyrin biosynthetic genes in the Fe-porphyrin branch remained almost constant or upregulated, while most genes in the Mg-porphyrin branch were downregulated. Expression levels of nuclear-encoded photosynthetic genes Lhcb and RbcS noticeably decreased after exposure to blue and red LEDs, compared to white LED. Our study suggests that specific wavelengths of LED greatly influence characteristics of growth in plants partly through altering the metabolic regulation of the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway, and possibly contribute to affect retrograde signaling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Growth Characteristics and Regulation of Porphyrin Biosynthesis in Rice Seedlings

Tran

Jung

2017

IJMS

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“…For native staining, the antioxidant enzymes (30 µg) were electrophoresed in 10% resolving and 4% stacking gel, respectively, for APX and CAT isozymes, whereas, 15% resolving gel and 5% stacking gel were used for separating the SOD isozymes at 4 • C for 4 h at 80 V in a Tris-Glycine (pH8.3) running buffer. The active staining of isozymes of SOD, CAT, and APX were performed according to Pham et al [34].…”

Section: Estimation Of Antioxidants Enzyme Activity and Their Relativ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Molecular Analysis Revealed the Role of Silicon in Modulating Salinity Stress in Mung Bean

Murad

Muneer

2023

Agriculture

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Salinity stress acts as a significant deterrent in the course of optimal plant growth and productivity, and mung bean, being a relay crop in the cereal cropping system, is severely affected by salinity. Silicon (Si), on the other hand, has exhibited promising outcomes with regards to alleviating salinity stress. In order to understand the critical mechanisms underlying mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) tolerance towards salt stress, this study examined the effects of different salinity concentrations on antioxidant capacity, proteome level alterations, and influence on Si-transporter and salt-responsive genes. Salinity stress was seen to effect the gaseous exchange machinery, decrease the soluble protein and phenolic content and NR activity, and increase the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. An efficient regulation of stomatal opening upon Si application hints towards proficient stomatal conductance and CO2 fixation, resulting in efficient photosynthesis leading to proficient plant growth. The soluble protein and phenolic content showed improved levels upon Si supplementation, which indicates an optimal solute transport system from source to sink. The content of superoxide radicals showed a surge under salinity stress treatment, but efficient scavenging of superoxide radicles was noted under Si supplementation. Salinity stress exhibited more damaging effects on root NR activity, which was notably enhanced upon Si supplementation. Moreover, the beneficial role of Si was further substantiated as there was notable Si accumulation in the leaves and roots of salinity-stressed mung bean plants. Furthermore, Si stimulated competent ROS scavenging by reinforcing the antioxidant enzyme activity, as well coordinating with their isozyme activity, as expressed by the varying band intensities. Similarly, the Si-mediated increase in peroxidase activity may reveal changes in the mechanical characteristics of the cell wall, which are in turn associated with salinity stress adaptation. Proteomic investigations revealed the upregulation or downregulation of several proteins, which were thereafter identified by LC−MS/MS. About 45 proteins were identified and were functionally classified into photosynthesis (24%), metabolic process (19%), redox homeostasis (12%), transmembrane transport (10%), stress response (7%), and transcription regulation (4%). The gene expression analysis of the silicon transporter genes (Lsi1, Lsi2, and Lsi3) and SOS pathway genes (SOS1, SOS2, and SOS3) indicated the role of silicon in mitigating salinity stress. Hence, the findings of this study can facilitate a profound understanding of the potential mechanisms adopted by mung bean due to exogenous Si application during salinity stress.

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“…In most cases, protoporphyrinogen oxidase is the last enzyme before the branch in the porphyrin biosynthetic pathway catalyzes the oxidation of protophorinogen IX to Protoporphyrin IX (Proto IX). Protophorinogen IX is then directed to the magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) branches for chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis, respectively [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function of ALA Content in Porphyrin Metabolism Regulation of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus

Adjei

Luo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Chlorophyll and heme are essential molecules for photosynthesis and respiration, which are competing branches of the porphyrin metabolism pathway. Chlorophyll and heme balance regulation is very important for the growth and development of plants. The chimeric leaves of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus were composed of central photosynthetic tissue (PT) and marginal albino tissue (AT), which were ideal materials for the study of porphyrin metabolism mechanisms. In this study, the regulatory function of ALA content on porphyrin metabolism (chlorophyll and heme balance) was revealed by comparing PT and AT, 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (ALA) exogenous supply, and interference of hemA expression. The AT remained similar in porphyrin metabolism flow level to the PT by keeping an equal ALA content in both tissues, which was very important for the normal growth of the chimeric leaves. As the chlorophyll biosynthesis in AT was significantly inhibited, the porphyrin metabolism flow was directed more toward the heme branch. Both tissues had similar Mg2+ contents; however, Fe2+ content was significantly increased in the AT. The chlorophyll biosynthesis inhibition in the white tissue was not due to a lack of Mg2+ and ALA. A 1.5-fold increase in ALA content inhibited chlorophyll biosynthesis while promoting heme biosynthesis and hemA expression. The doubling of ALA content boosted chlorophyll biosynthesis while decreasing hemA expression and heme content. HemA expression interference resulted in a higher ALA content and a lower chlorophyll content, while the heme content remained at a relatively low and stable level. Conclusively, a certain amount of ALA was important for the stability of porphyrin metabolism and the normal growth of plants. The ALA content appears to be able to regulate chlorophyll and heme content by bidirectionally regulating porphyrin metabolism branch direction.

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Differential Antioxidant Responses and Perturbed Porphyrin Biosynthesis after Exposure to Oxyfluorfen and Methyl Viologen in Oryza sativa

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Growth Characteristics and Regulation of Porphyrin Biosynthesis in Rice Seedlings

Effects of Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation on Growth Characteristics and Regulation of Porphyrin Biosynthesis in Rice Seedlings

Physiological and Molecular Analysis Revealed the Role of Silicon in Modulating Salinity Stress in Mung Bean

Function of ALA Content in Porphyrin Metabolism Regulation of Ananas comosus var. bracteatus

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