Different Ratios of Corn and Coconut Oil Blends in High‐Fat Diets Influence Fat Deposition without Altering Metabolic Biomarkers in Male Rats

Abstract

The effects of high‐fat diets with the recommended dietary linoleic acid (LA) intake levels on health outcomes have not been studied extensively. This study investigated the effects of high‐fat diets containing different weight ratios of coconut and corn oil with LA levels of <1.00% of energy (very low LA), 2.80% of energy (low LA), 5.80% of energy (moderate LA), and 9.70% of energy (high LA) on fat deposition and selected metabolic biomarkers of male Sprague‐Dawley rats. Their initial and terminal body weights are recorded. Blood, adipose tissue, and liver samples are obtained for analysis after an 8‐week feeding intervention. Compared with the very low‐LA diet, the high‐LA diet resulted in higher body weight gain and epididymal fat deposition. No significant differences are observed in liver‐to‐body weight ratio, blood glucose, visfatin, and leptin levels between the test diets. Serum tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), insulin, and C‐peptide levels do not significantly increase with the increase in dietary LA levels. High‐LA diet results in higher LA levels in the liver and adipose tissue. It is concluded that a high‐fat diet containing high LA levels induced body weight gain and epididymal fat deposition in rats but has no effect on selected metabolic biomarkers. Practical applications: Linoleic acid (LA) (C18:2) plays an important role as one of the nutritional elements to meet the daily essential fatty acid requirements. However, a full understanding is perplexed by the various ways that LA can be included in the diet when there is a recommendation to substitute saturated fatty acid (SFA), trans‐ or n‐3 fatty acids intake. The data provide additional findings on the effects of excessive dietary intake of LA (C18:2) on fat deposition when different levels of SFAs are replaced.

Manoeuvring the physicochemical and nutritional properties of vegetable oils through blending

“…Voon and co‐workers investigated the effect of different percentages of linoleic acid contributing to very low (1%), low (2.8%), moderate (5.8%) and high (9.7%) energy in the high fat diets of male Sprague–Dawley rats fed with different ratios of corn and coconut oil blends by assessing the changes in fat deposition and selected metabolic biomarkers. The blends containing high linoleic acid caused more body weight gain and epididymal fat deposition in rats as compared to blends with low linoleic acid but high linoleic acid had no significant effect on selected metabolic indicators such as blood glucose, visfatin, leptin, serum TNF‐α, insulin, and C‐peptide levels (Voon et al, 2021). Blends of rice bran, flaxseed, and sesame oils significantly ( p < 0.0001) lowered the serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apoB by 3.47%, 4.16%, 10.3%, and 3.93%, respectively, in 143 patients with borderline hypercholesterolemia.…”

Effects of blended oils with different n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders and hepatic steatosis in rats

“…Serum ADP levels in the 1:1 and 5:1 groups were lower than those of the 20:1, NC, and Lard groups. Voon et al (2021) reported that a highfat diet supplemented with different proportions of LA (< 1%, 2.8%, 5.8%, or 9.7%) had no effects on visfatin and leptin levels. Another study reported that different n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio diets did not affect plasma leptin levels in piglets (Nguyen et al, 2020).…”

An Intricate Review on Nutritional and Analytical Profiling of Coconut, Flaxseed, Olive, and Sunflower Oil Blends

“…The blends with a low-LA, MCFA diet resulted in less body weight increase than the high-LA diet. The high-LA diet resulted in considerably more fat accumulation in the epididymis [ 65 ]. The effects of a functional BO with high levels of OA (50.93%) and ALA (5.41%) on BW as compared to lard oil and PNO were evaluated.…”