Different path strategies for directed energy deposition of crossing intersections from stainless steel SS316L-Si

Veiga, Fernando; Arizmendi, C. M.; Suárez, Alejandro Rosete; Bilbao, Jon; Uralde, Virginia

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.10.039

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, since the paths are designed for different components, the working paths applied may affect the quality of the weld and the weld [21]. However, in general, these developments focus on solutions for specific T-junction types [22], cross intersection [23,24], and specific geometries [25]. This paper covers the gap of considering interlayer growth and considers layer symmetry.…”

Section: Authors Measured Entity Measurement Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the Path Definition in Multi-Layer Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)

Curiel

Veiga²,

Suárez³

et al. 2023

Symmetry

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The reconstruction of the geometry of weld-deposited materials plays an important role in the control of the torch path in GMAW. This technique, which is classified as a direct energy deposition technology, is experiencing a new emergence due to its use in welding and additive manufacturing. Usually, the torch path is determined by computerised fabrication tools, but these software tools do not consider the geometrical changes along the case during the process. The aim of this work is to adaptively define the trajectories between layers by analysing the geometry and symmetry of previously deposited layers. The novelty of this work is the integration of a profiling laser coupled to the production system, which scans the deposited layers. Once the layer is scanned, the geometry of the deposited bead can be reconstructed and the symmetry in the geometry and a continuous trajectory can be determined. A wall was fabricated under demanding deposition conditions, and a surface quality of around 100 microns and mechanical properties in line with those previously reported in the literature are observed.

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Section: Authors Measured Entity Measurement Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the Path Definition in Multi-Layer Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)

Curiel

Veiga²,

Suárez³

et al. 2023

Symmetry

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“…It is also possible to observe the presence of columnar dendrites of γ-austenite (in white) and some residues of δ-ferrite (in black) in the region of the deposit, observed in Figure 6 on the right, predicted for deposition of austenitic stainless steel with addition of silicon [33], and when the deposition was performed using stainless steel 316LSi [5]. The residual δ-ferrite was mainly distributed in the austenite boundaries for the weld overlay of the same class of material with the addition of molybdenum and 316LSi [34,35]. On the other hand, the base metal microstructure in the HAZ region for all samples, as exemplified on the right in Figure 6, is composed of bainite and pearlite [36,37].…”

Section: Microstructural Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of GMAW Process Parameters and Heat Input on Weld Overlay of Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L-Si

Souto,

Ferreira,

Lima

et al. 2023

Soldag. insp.

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Overlay welding with stainless steels has gained attention in several sectors of industry by increasing the mechanical and electrochemical properties of surfaces, in order to obtain them using lower cost substrates. However, the control of welding parameters can become complex due to the multiple control variables, being of interest to obtain deposits with greater productivity. In this context, the objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of the heat input on weld overlays of austenitic stainless steel 316L-Si obtained by the GMAW process, to determine the best welding conditions. For this, a Design of Experiments was implemented to analyze the response variables, which include heat input, reinforcement, width, dilution and hardness of the weld metal. The models were considered significant, presenting R 2 >0.9 for all responses, based on a 95% confidence limit. Surface graphs indicated influence of welding speed or/and voltage for all responses, in addition to the results demonstrating optimal parameters for overlays such as high ratio between reinforcement and width (0.631), and low dilution values (8.81%). The microstructural analysis indicated the presence of residual γ-austenite and δ-ferrite in all samples, and also the formation of peninsulas and islands, added to defects such as voids, for some weld deposits.

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“…The deposition path is another important influencing factor on the performance of AM samples [ 19 , 20 ]. To study the effect of deposition paths on sample performance and productivity, Veiga et al [ 21 ] conducted several strategies. It was found that waving and cross−waving were the most beneficial strategies in terms of productivity, which achieved a 50% torch utilization rate compared to the total time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characteristic Microstructures and Properties of Steel-Based Alloy via Additive Manufacturing

Shang

Pan

et al. 2023

Materials

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Differing from metal alloys produced by conventional techniques, metallic products prepared by additive manufacturing experience distinct solidification thermal histories and solid−state phase transformation processes, resulting in unique microstructures and superior performance. This review starts with commonly used additive manufacturing techniques in steel−based alloy and then some typical microstructures produced by metal additive manufacturing technologies with different components and processes are summarized, including porosity, dislocation cells, dendrite structures, residual stress, element segregation, etc. The characteristic microstructures may exert a significant influence on the properties of additively manufactured products, and thus it is important to tune the components and additive manufacturing process parameters to achieve the desired microstructures. Finally, the future development and prospects of additive manufacturing technology in steel are discussed.

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Different path strategies for directed energy deposition of crossing intersections from stainless steel SS316L-Si

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Methodology for the Path Definition in Multi-Layer Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)

Methodology for the Path Definition in Multi-Layer Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)

Effect of GMAW Process Parameters and Heat Input on Weld Overlay of Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L-Si

The Characteristic Microstructures and Properties of Steel-Based Alloy via Additive Manufacturing

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