“…The values of C dl for Pd/Co 1 Fe 3 –LDH/NF, Pd/NF, Pd/C (20%), Pt/C (20%), Co 1 Fe 3 –LDH/NF, and NF in a solution containing ethanol (1.0 M) and KOH (1.0 M) were calculated to be 18.58, 9.53, 1.07, 1.17, 1.29, and 0.48 μF·cm –2 , respectively (Figure c), suggesting that Pd/Co 1 Fe 3 –LDH/NF has abundant catalytic active centers. To explore the surface impact of Pd/Co 1 Fe 3 –LDH/NF on EOR, the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) was evaluated by C dl , and the calculation equation can be described as ECSA = C dl / C s (where C s is the specific capacitance of the sample) . The ECSA values of Pd/Co 1 Fe 3 –LDH/NF, Pd/NF, Pd/C (20%), Pt/C (20%), and Co 1 Fe 3 –LDH/NF in a solution containing ethanol (1.0 M) and KOH (1.0 M) were calculated to be 38.71, 19.85, 2.23, 3.08, and 2.69 mA·cm –2 , respectively (Figure d).…”