Different consecutive training protocols to design an intervention program for overweight youth: a controlled study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo find the optimal exercise program to be recommended in reducing adiposity and promoting long-term physical activity adherence in a sample of overweight adolescents.MethodsForty-five overweight adolescents were randomly divided into three exercise groups, to perform two phases of physical activity as follows: in the first phase, the first group performed a 16-week moderate-intensity resistance training (RT), the second group performed a 16-week high-intensity RT, and the third group performed a 16-week aerobic training (AT); in the second phase, all groups performed a 6-week AT. Anthropometric body composition and fitness measures were considered as outcome measures.ResultsAfter the second protocol, both RT groups showed a significant improvement in percentage of fat mass (F2,76 = 5.843; p = 0.004; h2 = 0.133) and free fat mass (F2,76 = 6.254; p = 0.003; h2 = 0.141), and in fitness tests (p < 0.01). The VO2max values of the RT groups were significantly higher than those of the AT group (F2,38 = 4.264; p = 0.021; h2 = 0.183). The rate of adherence to exercise was an average of 94% in both RT groups, whereas in the AT group, it was 83%. During the 12-week post-intervention follow-up, the number of participants who continued to perform physical activities was significantly higher in both the RT groups than in the AT group (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe present study provides preliminary evidence that moderate-to-intense RT, followed by AT, can be an effective treatment for overweight adolescents, and the positive effects are maintained even after 12 weeks of follow-up.

Exercise and adiposity in overweight and obese children and adolescents: a systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomised trials

“…Of the 6478 citations screened after removing duplicates both electronically and manually, 57 studies representing 127 groups (73 exercise, 54 control) and 2792 participants (1667 exercise, 1125 control) met the criteria for inclusion 13–40 42–69 98. The number needed to screen was 0.88% while the NNR was 114.…”

“…The included studies were published in 45 different journals since 1997 ( trueX- ± SD = 2011±4, median=2012). Fifty-two studies (91.2%) were published in the English language,13 14 16–18 20 22 24–40 42–69 while the remaining five (8.8%) were published in either Chinese19 21 23 98 or Spanish 15. The location in which studies were conducted included 20 different countries, 12 in the USA,24 30 34 35 39 40 46 48 52 56 60 66 8 in China,19–23 38 61 62 98 6 in Brazil,13 15 45 47 58 63 5 in South Korea,36 37 49 55 59 4 in Tunisia,17 25 50 51 3 each in Australia,54 64 65 Canada14 32 57 and Iran,27 29 69 2 in Turkey,33 53 and 1 each in either France,16 Germany,44 Italy,28 Lebanon,68 New Zealand,42 Norway,18 Singapore,67 Sweden,31 Switzerland,26 Taiwan22 or the UK 43.…”

“…When limited to studies that included aerobic exercise as an intervention,13 15–17 19 21 22 24 25 29 30 32–34 36 38–46 48 50–53 55 57–64 66 67 69 statistically significant decreases in BMI in kg/m 2 , fat mass, and per cent body fat were reported for 43.2%, 66.7% and 75.0% of findings. For strength training interventions,14 21 28 35 39 40 47 53 54 56 57 statistically significant decreases were reported for 9.1% (BMI in kg/m 2 ), 25.0% (fat mass) and 63.6% (per cent fat) of findings. Finally, when restricted to combined aerobic and strength training,13 18–21 23 26 27 31 37 45 49 51 57 64 67 69 statistically significant decreases were reported for 78.6% (BMI in kg/m 2 ), 44.4% (fat mass) and 69.2% (per cent fat) of results.…”

Entrenamiento de la fuerza en niños y adolescentes: beneficios, riesgos y recomendaciones

“…Los efectos positivos se mantuvieron, incluso, después de 12 semanas de seguimiento con mayor adherencia a la actividad física en comparación con los que participaron en el entrenamiento aeróbico exclusivo. 46…”

Untitled

“…Clinical eating disorders might have revealed in precursor symptoms as bradycardia and evident dehydration (Joy, Kussman, & Nattiv, 2016), and an early identification and early appropriate treatment may prevent the development of more serious problems (de Oliveira, 2017). Some authors reported that disordered eating behaviors, and also dieting, can predict not only eating disorders but also a number of problematic outcomes, including increased risk for weight gain and obesity both in adolescents and young adults (Fiorilli et al, 2017;Neumark-Sztainer, Wall, Larson, Eisenberg, & Loth, 2011). Eating disorders are more prevalent among athletes than non-athletes (Joy et al, 2016).…”