Differences in the prevalence of mental health disorders among Black American adults with sickle cell disease compared to those with non‐heritable medical conditions or no medical conditions

Abstract

Our aim was to determine differences in the prevalence of mental health disorders between Black Americans living with sickle cell disease (SCD) and Black Americans with other, non-heritable medical conditions, or no medical conditions. We examined the prevalence of mental health disorders among a non-institutionalized, community sample of Black adults in the US from the National Survey of American Life. We compared the odds of mental health disorders between Black American adults with SCD and those with other medical conditions, or no medical condition. Among the SCD group, 38Á8% reported at least one mental health disorder: 17Á6% endorsed a mood disorder, 24Á7% an anxiety disorder, 2Á4% an eating disorder, and 11Á8% a childhood disorder. Compared to those with other medical conditions, Black Americans with SCD had greater poverty, more children in the household, and were less likely to be married/cohabitating (all P < 0Á05). Yet, Black Americans with SCD were not at greater odds of having a mental health disorder compared to those with other medical conditions. When compared to the group with no conditions, however, individuals with SCD had 2Á57 greater odds of mood disorder (95% confidence interval: 1Á43-4Á65; P = 0Á002). The effect remained when controlling for socioeconomic status, marital status, and perceived physical health. In this study, almost 40% of Black American adults with SCD presented with a mental health disorder. Prevalence of mental health disorders was similar among those with non-heritable medical conditions, but those without a medical condition had a lower prevalence than in SCD. Among Black Americans, there appear to be unmeasured factors, common across medical conditions, that are linked to mental health disorders.

Costs and Impact of Disease in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease: A Pilot Study

“…The anxiety and depression rates in our sample were much higher than that among the general US population in 2019, who reported moderate/severe symptoms of anxiety (score GAD 7 ≥ 10) [43] at a rate of 7.1%, and depression (score PHQ 8 ≥ 10) at a rate of 7.0% [44]. It was also much higher than rates reported in a population of adults with SCD who participated in the National Survey of American Life survey which used structured diagnostic interviews and DSM-IV criteria and found that 24.7% of subjects had an anxiety disorder and 38.8% had a mood disorder [45]. Fatigue and pain can lead to anxiety and depressive disorders [46].…”

Tailoring a Digital Mental Health Program for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: Qualitative Study

“…One particularly vulnerable population is individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), a heritable condition that affects millions of people worldwide and >100,000 people in the United States, most of whom are of African descent [ 5 ]. Among patients with SCD, 38.8% present with mental health disorders [ 6 ]. A review of the literature on mental health symptoms in SCD found that 22% to 57% of individuals with SCD report clinically significant depressive symptoms depression when screened [ 7 ].…”