Differences in external price referencing in Europe—A descriptive overview

Reference Pricing and Price Negotiations for Innovative New Drugs

“…R&D costs [5]. IRP countries using other criteria may thus set prices outside the range of VBP countries.…”

“…IRP countries using other criteria may thus set prices outside the range of VBP countries. Still, the majority of IRP countries in the EU use external prices as the main criterion [5]. Similarly, countries relying on price negotiations followed by IRP or VBP in case of no agreement may also use additional criteria.…”

“…By taking comparison prices from other countries, the regulation of drug prices in one country can directly affect prices in another. A recent review [5] showed that among the 27 European Union (EU) Member States only four countries did not use IRP in 2010 (Denmark, Germany, Sweden and the UK). Among the EU countries using IRP, the most commonly used method was to take the average of the country basket [5].…”

“…A recent review [5] showed that among the 27 European Union (EU) Member States only four countries did not use IRP in 2010 (Denmark, Germany, Sweden and the UK). Among the EU countries using IRP, the most commonly used method was to take the average of the country basket [5]. Bulgaria, Greece and Norway took the average of the three lowest countries [5].…”

“…Among the EU countries using IRP, the most commonly used method was to take the average of the country basket [5]. Bulgaria, Greece and Norway took the average of the three lowest countries [5].…”