Differences in Exhaled Gas Profiles Between Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Healthy Controls

Greiter, Matthias; Keck, Lothar; Siegmund, Thorsten; Hoeschen, Christoph; Oeh, Uwe; Paretzke, H. G.

doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0181

Cited by 53 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Consequently, breath acetone concentration could distinguish between patients with diabetes and healthy patients. Greiter et al [30] identified eight VOCs to distinguish between patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and healthy patients. Other authors showed a linear relationship between haemoglobin A 1c , breath acetone, and blood glucose in type 1 diabetes, which is contrary to expectations based on normal physiological conditions [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhalation pattern changes during fasting and low dose glucose treatment in rats

et al. 2015

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The analysis of exhaled metabolites has become a promising field of research in recent decades. Several volatile organic compounds reflecting metabolic disturbance and nutrition status have even been reported. These are particularly important for long-term measurements, as needed in medical research for detection of disease progression and therapeutic efficacy. In this context, it has become urgent to investigate the effect of fasting and glucose treatment for breath analysis. In the present study, we used a model of ventilated rats that fasted for 12 h prior to the experiment. Ten rats per group were randomly assigned for continuous intravenous infusion without glucose or an infusion including 25 mg glucose per 100 g per hour during an observation period of 12 h. Exhaled gas was analysed using multicapillary column ion-mobility spectrometry. Analytes were identified by the BS-MCC/IMS database (version 1209; B & S Analytik, Dortmund, Germany). Glucose infusion led to a significant increase in blood glucose levels (p < 0.05 at 4 h and thereafter) and cardiac output (p < 0.05 at 4 h and thereafter). During the observation period, 39 peaks were found collectively. There were significant differences between groups in the concentration of ten volatile organic compounds: p < 0.001 at 4 h and thereafter for isoprene, cyclohexanone, acetone, p-cymol, 2-hexanone, phenylacetylene, and one unknown compound, and p < 0.001 at 8 h and thereafter for 1-pentanol, 1-propanol, and 2-heptanol. Our results indicate that for long-term measurement, fasting and the withholding of glucose could contribute to changes of volatile metabolites in exhaled air.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhalation pattern changes during fasting and low dose glucose treatment in rats

et al. 2015

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“…A possible reason could be related to the ketoacidosis phenomenon associated with poorly controlled diabetes. In fact, several hundred volatile compounds are detected in exhaled breath and many of which represent byproducts of endogenous biological process [26]. Recent studies suggest that integrated analysis of exhaled air in diabetic patients has the potential to serve as a marker of blood glucose level [27, 28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self Reported Halitosis in Relation to Glycated Hemoglobin Level in Diabetic Patients

Al-Zahrani

Zawawi

Austah³

et al. 2011

TODENTJ

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Objective:This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) and halitosis status among diabetic patients affected with periodontitis and to examine if there is a relationship between halitosis and different periodontal parameters. Methods and Materials:Consecutive type 2 diabetic patients were recruited from patients presented for treatment at a University hospital. Age, gender and smoking were recorded. A structured questionnaire on patients’ perception of their oral health, halitosis and diabetes severity and control was completed. Peripheral blood samples were obtained and analyzed for HbA1c levels. In addition, periodontal clinical parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and plaque scores were recorded. Results:A total of 38 type 2 diabetic patients were selected. The mean age was 52.1 (±8.8) years. Sixteen subjects (42.1%) reported halitosis. Of these, 62.5% were females, and only one subject was a current smoker. The mean levels of HbA1c were significantly different between those with and without halitosis, mean 9.6 (±2) and 8.2 (±1.6), respectively (p=0.03). No significant differences were found in the mean periodontal parameters between those with and without halitosis. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest an association between halitosis and increased levels of HbA1c. Further studies are needed to explain the nature of this association.

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“…In addition to associating specific compounds with physiological processes (Table 1), experiments have also focused on diabetic screening. Using proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry on 8 mass ranges of exhalates, each representing an unknown group of VOCs, Greiter et al distinguished patients with T2DM from healthy controls with a 90% sensitivity and 92% specificity[96]. Similarly, Kulikov et al found light hydrocarbons (C2-C3 including ethanol and acetaldehyde) to be elevated in the exhaled breath of women who had risk factors for T2DM (i.e.…”

Section: Breath Testing For Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical potential of exhaled breath analysis for diabetes mellitus

Minh

Blake

Galassetti

2012

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

164

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Differences in Exhaled Gas Profiles Between Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Healthy Controls

Cited by 53 publications

References 31 publications

Exhalation pattern changes during fasting and low dose glucose treatment in rats

Exhalation pattern changes during fasting and low dose glucose treatment in rats

Self Reported Halitosis in Relation to Glycated Hemoglobin Level in Diabetic Patients

The clinical potential of exhaled breath analysis for diabetes mellitus

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