Differences in Antennal Sensillae of Male and Female Peach Fruit Flies in Relation to Hosts

Abstract

Antennal sensillae of male and female peach fruit flies, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae), obtained from three different host fruit species (guava, Psidium guajava L. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae); peach, Prunus persica (L.) Stokes (Rosales: Rosaceae); and orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Sapindales: Rutaceae)), were studied with scanning electron microscopy. This study was carried out to describe the different types of sensillae present on the three antennal segments (scape, pedicel, and flagellum or funiculus) of both sexes of B. zonata on different host fruit. The antennal segments of females tended to be larger than those of males feeding on peach and guava fruit. On orange, both sexes were similar (no significant differences were found). The first two antennal segments, scape and pedicel, are reinforced by some bristles and have different types of sensillae, including trichoid I, II, S; basiconic II; and sensilla chaetica in different numbers on different host fruit species. Numerous microtrichia, as well as trichoid (I, II), basiconic (I), clavate, and coeloconic (I, II) sensillae were observed on the funiculus with a great variation in number and length. As a result of feeding on different hosts, differences were found between sexes and some plasticity in size, number, distribution, and position of some sensillae, including trichoid, basiconic, chaetica, and clavate on the antennae of the female B. zonata. These sensillae were significantly larger in females. Also, some morphological and morphemetric differences have been found according to their feeding on different host fruit.

Comparison of the Antennal Sensilla and Compound Eye Sensilla in Four Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Species

“…The antennal morphology of Drosophila in this study is similar to that in other cyclorrhapha species such as Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, Bactrocera tau Walker, Bactrocera zonata Saunders (all Diptera: Tephritidae), Eristalis (Diptera: Syrphidae), and Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae) (Cai et al 2014;Awad et al 2015), which consists of 3 segments and a long arista. Eight morphologically distinct types of sensillae were observed on the antenna of 4 Drosophila species, such as chaetica, microtrichia, trichoid (Tr I, Tr II), basiconic, clavate, and coeloconica sensillae (Co I, Co II).…”

“…Compared to the other sensilla, chaetica sensilla were larger, thicker, and higher on the antenna, and initially could contact signals in the environment. Hu et al (2010) and Awad et al (2015) reported that the possible functions of the chaetica and microtrichia sensilla on the surface of scape and pedicel in B. tau, Bactrocera minax Enderlein (Diptera: Tephritidae), B. zonata, and 3 other Bactrocera species might have a function of mechanoreception. Moreover, chaetica and microtrichia sensilla have been shown to have olfactory functions (Seada 2015).…”

Morphological and electrophysiological analysis of tarsal sensilla in the medfly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…In some species of Bactrocera, TS, CS and basiconic sensilla have been identified on tarsi (Zhang et al 2012); moreover, in Helicoverpa assulta, trichoid chemosensilla on the fifth tarsomere were reported (Zhang et al 2011). In Ceratitis and generally in Tephritidae, similar sensilla were observed in antennal segments (Mayo et al 1987;Dickens et al 1988;Bigiani et al 1989;Hu et al 2010;Bisotto-De-Oliveira et al 2011). CS were considered mechanoreceptors, and basiconic sensilla have been related to olfaction, while TS could have multiple (mechano, olfactory or gustatory) functions (Zhang et al 2012).…”

“…In Tephritidae the morphology of antennal sensilla were investigated by scanning electron microscopy in different species: in Bactrocera zonata bristles, trichoid, chaetica and basiconic sensilla were described (Awad et al 2015); in the flagellum of Anastrepha fraterculus microtrichia, trichoid, basiconic, clavate and styloconic sensilla were observed (Bisotto- DeOliveira et al 2011) and, similarly, in C. capitata four types of sensilla were identified on the 3 rd antennal segment (Mayo et al 1987). …”

Efek ekstrak minyak citronela Cymbopogon nardus L. terhadap proporsi frekuensi kontak fisik Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) pada ransum dan performa broiler

“…Organ sensorial yang digunakan serangga untuk mendapatkan objek materi makanan, antara lain antena (Awad et al 2015) dimana pada antena terdapat organ kemosensori untuk mendeteksi objek yang akan menjadi target (Isaac et al 2015) dan mata (Friesen et al 2015). Jika materi tersebut tidak disukai berarti ada substansi yang mempengaruhi kepekaan organ sensorial untuk mengunjungi objek misalnya untuk mendapatkan makanan maupun untuk deposisi telur.…”