Differences in Abdominal Muscle Activation Patterns of Younger and Older Adults Performing an Asymmetric Leg‐Loading Task

Hubley‐Kozey, Cheryl L.; Hanada, Edwin; Gordon, Sarah A.; Kozey, John W.; McKeon, Melissa D.

doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.09.018

Cited by 9 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The deterioration of the viscoelastic properties of dorsal ligaments decreases their effectiveness as sensory organs [ 2 ]. Accordingly back muscle reflex latency of older individuals has been found to be delayed in response to loading of the spine along with less activity among trunk muscles in older adults performing functional tasks [ 13 ]. Such neuromuscular activation changes become dominant starting at 50 years of age when restrictions of range of motion start to manifest [ 14 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and gender related neuromuscular changes in trunk flexion-extension

Kienbacher

Paul

Habenicht

et al. 2015

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

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BackgroundThe root mean square surface electromyographic activity of lumbar extensor muscles during dynamic trunk flexion and extension from a standing position and task specific spine ranges of motion objectively assess muscle function in healthy young and middle age individuals. However, literature on neuromuscular activation and associated spine and hip kinematics in older individuals is sparse. This cross sectional study sought to examine the sex and age (<40 versus >60 years) related differences in the neuromuscular activation profiles of the lumbar extensors and the related spine and hip kinematics from healthy individuals during a standardized trunk flexion-extension task.MethodsTwenty five older (13 females, 60–90 years) and 24 younger (12 females, 18–40 years) healthy individuals performed trunk flexion-extension testing by holding static positions at half-flexion way and full range of motion between standing and maximum trunk flexion. The associated lumbar extensor muscle activity was derived from measurements at standing, half, and maximum flexion positions. The range of motion at the hip and lumbar spine was recorded using 3d accelerometers attached to the skin overlying the multifidus and semispinalis thoracis muscles lateral to the L5 and T4 spinous processes, respectively. Statistical calculations were performed using a permutation ANOVA with bootstrap confidence intervals.ResultsThe muscle activity in the half related to the maximum flexion position (half flexion relaxation ratio) was significantly smaller in older males when compared with younger males. Moreover, measurements revealed smaller activity changes from standing to the half and from half to the maximum flexion position in older compared to younger individuals. Older males displayed smaller gross trunk range of motion from standing to maximum flexion than any other group.ConclusionsGender and normal aging significantly affect both the activation patterns of the lumbar extensor muscles and the kinematics of the trunk during a standardized trunk flexion-extension task. Measurement results from healthy young and middle age individuals should not be used for the assessment of individuals older than 60 years of age.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1743-0003-12-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and gender related neuromuscular changes in trunk flexion-extension

Kienbacher

Paul

Habenicht

et al. 2015

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation

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“…For example, fast‐twitch muscle fiber composition generally decreases with age, fibrous connective tissue in muscle and tendons increases, and total active contractile muscle tissue cross‐sectional area (sarcopenia) and its efficacy decrease [17‐20]. Furthermore, differences in neuromuscular control strategies were found for older adults compared with younger adults while they performed an asymmetric leg‐loading task, which reflected a possible decrease in proprioception or altered passive stability in the trunk [21]. Adding to these age‐related changes, people experiencing LBP have been found to have significant low back muscle atrophy [22,23] and increased fatigability [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Trunk Muscle Activation Amplitudes During Gait in Older Adults With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain

Hanada

Johnson

Hubley‐Kozey

2011

PM&R

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The activation amplitudes of the anterior muscle sites were lower for participants with LBP, whereas the posterior sites were activated to higher amplitudes than in the control group. Although most muscles responded to the subphases indicating muscle synergies, the group by muscle interactions for the right internal oblique and lateral erector spinae show that the differences between groups were not systematic. These results describe neuromuscular alterations in persons between 50-80 years with LBP that can be used for developing subject-specific management related to maintaining spinal stability.

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“…With increasing age comes decreased visual acuity, compromised afferent feedback from feet and decreased proprioceptive accuracy. Thus, older adults rely on simultaneous contraction of muscles around the ankle to provide maximum stability2,3,4, 36, 37 ) . Regardless of the activity and external demands older adults attempt to maximize stability throughout their lower extremity with low level, isometric muscle activation inducing a cocontractive effect36, 37 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With aging comes a shift to a more conservative approach during walking and upright stance, which paradoxically may contribute to a higher incidence of loss of balance and falls1 ) . This age-related shift in approach to maintain postural stability may alter the way we use proximal hip and core muscles1,2,3,4 ) . Core muscles and their roles have been well researched and are often further delineated into local and global components as described by Hodges and Richardson5 ) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of transverse abdominis training on balance, postural sway and core muscle recruitment patterns: a pilot study comparison across age groups

et al. 2019

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[Purpose] This pilot study aims to determine whether improvements in postural sway, particularly among older adults, can be augmented immediately after training participants to activate and isolate the transverse abdominis (TrA) muscle. [Participants and Methods] Fifty six participants (in three age groups) took part in a single session TrA training intervention. Aspects of postural sway, balance and muscle activation patterns were measured before and after training and compared. [Results] There was significant improvement across four of six postural sway variables for the combined sample of all age groups. Older adults improved more than younger and middle-age participants in two important postural sway variables. No marked differences were evident in static reach distance across all age groups. There were no differences between groups with regard to surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitudes despite the emergence of different activation patterns among age groups. [Conclusion] Immediate effects were induced in postural sway measures after the single session training intervention. By improving neuromuscular control of the TrA and maximizing the efficiency of related proximal core muscles center of pressure (COP) sway velocities decreased during single limb standing (SLS).

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Differences in Abdominal Muscle Activation Patterns of Younger and Older Adults Performing an Asymmetric Leg‐Loading Task

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Age and gender related neuromuscular changes in trunk flexion-extension

Age and gender related neuromuscular changes in trunk flexion-extension

A Comparison of Trunk Muscle Activation Amplitudes During Gait in Older Adults With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain

The effectiveness of transverse abdominis training on balance, postural sway and core muscle recruitment patterns: a pilot study comparison across age groups

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