Functional Independence Measure + Functional Assessment Measure (FIM+ FAM) measures were taken for 38 clients on admission to and at discharge from an inpatient rehabilitatio n unit for people with cognitive and behavioural problems following acquired, single incident, brain injury. Over the course of the admission there was a significant improvement in FAM scores and cognitive and social items of the FIM+FAM. These improvements were not related to the amount of time elapsed between injury and admission to the rehabilitatio n unit. There was no significant change in FIM scores and neurophysical items of the FIM+FAM. Ceiling effects appear to have limited the scope for some of the FIM scales to detect change.
[Purpose] This pilot study aims to determine whether improvements in postural sway,
particularly among older adults, can be augmented immediately after training participants
to activate and isolate the transverse abdominis (TrA) muscle. [Participants and Methods]
Fifty six participants (in three age groups) took part in a single session TrA training
intervention. Aspects of postural sway, balance and muscle activation patterns were
measured before and after training and compared. [Results] There was significant
improvement across four of six postural sway variables for the combined sample of all age
groups. Older adults improved more than younger and middle-age participants in two
important postural sway variables. No marked differences were evident in static reach
distance across all age groups. There were no differences between groups with regard to
surface electromyography (sEMG) amplitudes despite the emergence of different activation
patterns among age groups. [Conclusion] Immediate effects were induced in postural sway
measures after the single session training intervention. By improving neuromuscular
control of the TrA and maximizing the efficiency of related proximal core muscles center
of pressure (COP) sway velocities decreased during single limb standing (SLS).
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