Difference of Clinical and Radiological Characteristics According to Radioiodine Avidity in Pulmonary Metastases of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Kim, Do-Hoon; Jung, Ji-hoon; Son, Seung Hyun; Kim, Choon-Young; Hong, Chae Moon; Jeong, Shin Young; Lee, Sang‐Woo; Lee, Jaetae; Ahn, Byeong‐Cheol

doi:10.1007/s13139-013-0239-z

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Until now, I-131 therapy has been the first-line treatment for unresectable radioiodine-avid metastatic DTC, and radioiodine uptake is a good prognostic marker ( 4 , 5 ). However, poorly DTC or anaplastic thyroid cancer cells do not express the NIS, and some DTC cells lose expression of the NIS with disease progression ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although most patients with thyroid cancer show good prognosis, 1–4% of the patients show distant metastasis at initial diagnosis and 7–23% of the patients show distant metastasis during follow-up periods ( 7 , 8 ). One-third of metastatic DTC patients do not accumulate radioiodine, and two-thirds of metastatic DTC cases become radioiodine refractory DTC (RR-DTC) ( 4 , 5 , 9 , 10 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redifferentiation of Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer for Reapplication of I-131 Therapy

Hong

Ahn

2017

Front. Endocrinol.

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Although most differentiated thyroid cancers show excellent prognosis, treating radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) is challenging. Various therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy, have been applied for RR-DTC but show limited effectiveness. Redifferentiation followed by radioiodine therapy is a promising alternative therapy for RR-DTC. Retinoic acids, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists are classically used as redifferentiation agents, and recent targeted molecules are also used for this purpose. Appropriate selection of redifferentiation agents for each patient, using current knowledge about genetic and biological characteristics of thyroid cancer, might increase the efficacy of redifferentiation treatment. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms of these redifferentiation agents, results of recent clinical trials, and promising preclinical results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redifferentiation of Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer for Reapplication of I-131 Therapy

Hong

Ahn

2017

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Distant metastasis is the most common cause of mortality in thyroid cancer, and the lung is the most common distant metastasis site . The prevention of pulmonary metastasis can improve the prognosis of thyroid cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of pulmonary macrophages in initiation of lung metastasis in anaplastic thyroid cancer

Gangadaran

Kalimuthu

et al. 2016

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Several clinical studies have demonstrated that increased macrophage infiltration into tumors confers metastatic potential and poor prognosis in cancer. Preclinical studies are needed to develop new strategies for countering metastasis. Our study was designed to investigate the impact of pulmonary macrophages on lung metastasis of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). ATC (CAL-62) and macrophage (Raw264.7) were transfected with the effluc (CAL-62/effluc, Raw264.7/effluc). Coculture and migration assays were used to assess the effect of Raw264.7 or THP1 (human macrophage) (or conditioned medium) on the proliferation and/or migration of CAL-62/effluc cells in vitro. The effect of clodro-lipo or PBS-lipo on macrophage depletion was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. CAL-62/effluc cells (1 × 10(6) ) were intravenously injected into nude mice 24 h after clodro-lipo or PBS-lipo administration. Effect of clodro-lipo on the lung metastasis of CAL-62/effluc was assessed by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Micro computed tomography (micro-CT) and histology. BLI signals of CAL-62/effluc and Raw264.7/effluc increased to cell number. Raw264.7 cells and THP1 cells promoted CAL-62/effluc proliferation, and conditioned medium of Raw264.7 cells promoted CAL-62/effluc migration. Clodro-lipo significantly depleted pulmonary macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Intensity of BLI signals in ATC lung metastasis was weaker in the clodro-lipo group than PBS-lipo control. Micro-CT imaging and hematoxylin/eosin staining revealed smaller tumor masses in the clodro-lipo group than PBS-lipo control. Our findings indicate that pulmonary macrophages have an important role in initiation of lung metastasis of ATC. New therapeutic strategies that preclude initiation of pulmonary metastasis could potentially be developed by targeting pulmonary macrophages.

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“…Thirdly, in contrast to other beta-emitting isotopes such as 131 I and 90 Y, 32 P is incorporated directly into nascent DNA [ 40 , 41 ]. Our data suggest that this incorporation dramatically increases the cell-killing efficiency of 32 P, since the decay of incorporated 32 P to sulfur chemically breaks the first strand of the DNA and the released electron needs to travel only 2 nm to reach its contralateral DNA strand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-32, a Clinically Available Drug, Inhibits Cancer Growth by Inducing DNA Double-Strand Breakage

et al. 2015

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Radioisotopes that emit electrons (beta particles), such as radioiodine, can effectively kill target cells, including cancer cells. Aqueous 32P[PO4] is a pure beta-emitter that has been used for several decades to treat non-malignant human myeloproliferative diseases. 32P[PO4] was directly compared to a more powerful pure beta-emitter, the clinically important 90Y isotope. In vitro, 32P[PO4] was more effective at killing cells than was the more powerful isotope 90Y (P ≤ 0.001) and also caused substantially more double-stranded DNA breaks than did 90Y. In vivo, a single low-dose intravenous dose of aqueous elemental 32P significantly inhibited tumor growth in the syngeneic murine cancer model (P ≤ 0.001). This effect is exerted by direct incorporation into nascent DNA chains, resulting in double-stranded breakage, a unique mechanism not duplicatable by other, more powerful electron-emitting radioisotopes. 32P[PO4] should be considered for human clinical trials as a potential novel anti-cancer drug.

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Difference of Clinical and Radiological Characteristics According to Radioiodine Avidity in Pulmonary Metastases of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Redifferentiation of Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer for Reapplication of I-131 Therapy

Redifferentiation of Radioiodine Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer for Reapplication of I-131 Therapy

Role of pulmonary macrophages in initiation of lung metastasis in anaplastic thyroid cancer

Phosphorus-32, a Clinically Available Drug, Inhibits Cancer Growth by Inducing DNA Double-Strand Breakage

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