Dietary α-linolenic acid decreases C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 in dyslipidaemic patients

Rallidis, Lοukianos S.; Paschos, Georgios K.; Liakos, G.; Velissaridou, Aggeliki H.; Anastasiadis, Georgios; Zampelas, Antonis

doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(02)00427-6

Cited by 267 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Both EPA and ALA have been shown to decrease the synthesis of cytokines (Mantzioris et al, 2000;De Caterina & Basta, 2001). Rallidis et al (2003) found, in a population similar to ours, a lower level of CRP with a 3-month increased intake of ALA. This finding is confirmed by the present results, with a similar intake of ALA of around 6-8 g/day.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…A short-term study found beneficial effects of increased ALA intake on C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (Rallidis et al, 2003). However, the effects of long-term increased ALA intake on atherogenic and inflammatory markers have as yet not been investigated (von Schacky, 2000;Rallidis et al, 2003). In our prevention project for coronary heart disease (CHD), subjects at high risk for CHD were randomly and double-blindly allocated to an ALA-enriched or an LA-rich margarine during 2 y.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased α-linolenic acid intake lowers C-reactive protein, but has no effect on markers of atherosclerosis

et al. 2004

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Objective: To investigate the effects of increased alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)-intake on intima-media thickness (IMT), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) antibodies, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukins 6 and 10. Design: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Subjects: Moderately hypercholesterolaemic men and women (55710 y) with two other cardiovascular risk factors (n ¼ 103). Intervention: Participants were assigned to a margarine enriched with ALA (fatty acid composition 46% LA, 15% ALA) or linoleic acid (LA) (58% LA, 0.3% ALA) for 2 y. Results: Dietary ALA intake was 2.3 en% among ALA users, and 0.4 en% among LA users. The 2-y progression rate of the mean carotid IMT (ALA and LA: þ 0.05 mm) and femoral IMT (ALA: þ 0.05 mm; LA: þ 0.04 mm) was similar, when adjusted for confounding variables. After 1 and 2 y, ALA users had a lower CRP level than LA users (net differences À0.53 and À0.56 mg/l, respectively, Po0.05). No significant effects were observed in oxidized LDL antibodies, and levels of sICAM-1, interleukins 6 and 10. Conclusions: A six-fold increased ALA intake lowers CRP, when compared to a control diet high in LA. The present study found no effects on markers for atherosclerosis. Sponsorship: The Dutch 'Praeventiefonds'.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased α-linolenic acid intake lowers C-reactive protein, but has no effect on markers of atherosclerosis

et al. 2004

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“…[78][79][80] In dyslipidemic adults, daily supplementation with a-linolenic acid for 3 months decreased concentrations of CRP and IL-6 by 38 and 11%, respectively. 81 Overweight adolescents with increased CRP and IL-6 concentrations have higher plasma saturated fatty acids and lower n-3 PUFAs compared with normal weight control participants. 82 It has been suggested that high dietary intake of specific fatty acids may stimulate IL-6 secretion, and, in contrast, high intakes of n-3 PUFAs may inhibit low-grade inflammation.…”

Section: Subclinical Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dietary determinants of subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia and components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children: a review

Zimmermann

Aeberli

2008

Int J Obes

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Objective: To review and summarize the dietary determinants of the metabolic syndrome, subclinical inflammation and dyslipidemia in overweight children. Design: Review of the current literature, focusing on pediatric studies. Participants: Normal weight, overweight, or obese children and adolescents. Results: There is a growing literature on the metabolic effects of excess body fat during childhood. However, few pediatric studies have examined the dietary determinants of obesity-related metabolic disturbances. From the available data, it appears that dietary factors are not only important environmental determinants of adiposity, but also may affect components of the metabolic syndrome and modulate the actions of adipokines. Dietary total fat and saturated fat are associated with insulin resistance and high blood pressure, as well as obesity-related inflammation. In contrast to studies in adults, resistin and adiponectin do not appear to be closely linked to insulin resistance or dyslipidemia in childhood. However, circulating leptin and retinol-binding protein (RBP) 4 correlate well with obesity, central obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children. Intakes of antioxidant vitamins tend to be low in obese children and may be predictors of subclinical inflammation. Higher fructose intake from sweets and sweetened drinks in overweight children has been linked to decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size. Conclusions: Dietary interventions aimed at reducing intakes of total fat, saturated fat and free fructose, whereas increasing antioxidant vitamin intake may be beneficial in overweight children. More research on the relationships between dietary factors and the metabolic changes of pediatric obesity may help to identify the dietary changes to reduce health risks. International Journal of Obesity (2008) 32, S11-S18; doi:10. 1038/ijo.2008.202 Keywords: child; metabolic syndrome; diet; inflammation; adipokine IntroductionIn both industrialized and non-industrialized countries, the prevalence of pediatric obesity is increasing. 1 Dietary factors are environmental determinants of adiposity, as well as components of the metabolic syndrome, and may modulate the actions of adipokines. Better understanding of the relationships between dietary factors and the metabolic changes of pediatric obesity may help to identify the dietary changes to reduce health risks. Hypertension, insulin resistance, resistin and adiponectinPediatric obesity is an important risk factor for adult hypertension and type 2 diabetes, and approximately one third of obese children are hypertensive and/or hyperinsulinemic. 2,3 The adipocyte-derived hormones resistin, adiponectin and leptin may play a role in the development of hypertension and/or insulin resistance. 4-7 Among children, inverse associations of adiponectin or resistin with body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance have been reported, 8 but not all studies agree. 9 Studies on diet in childhood hypertension have mainly focused on sodium or calcium intake, rather than macr...

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“…As inflammation is associated with loss of muscle mass in the elderly and since dietary fat composition can influence inflammation, through stimulation of eicosanoid production, dietary fat may influence muscle loss (saturated and trans-fatty acids are considered pro-inflammatory and the n-3 and n-6 fatty acids, antiinflammatory) (105,212,(216)(217)(218)(219)(220)(221)(222)(223)(224)(225)(226)(227)(228) . Fatty acids are associated with insulin resistance in the same direction as inflammation (6,229) .…”

Section: Dietary Fat Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional influences on age-related skeletal muscle loss

2013

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Age-related muscle loss impacts on whole-body metabolism and leads to frailty and sarcopenia, which are risk factors for fractures and mortality. Although nutrients are integral to muscle metabolism the relationship between nutrition and muscle loss has only been extensively investigated for protein and amino acids. The objective of the present paper is to describe other aspects of nutrition and their association with skeletal muscle mass. Mechanisms for muscle loss relate to imbalance in protein turnover with a number of anabolic pathways of which the mechanistic TOR pathway and the IGF-1-Akt-FoxO pathways are the most characterised.

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Dietary α-linolenic acid decreases C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 in dyslipidaemic patients

Cited by 267 publications

References 34 publications

Increased α-linolenic acid intake lowers C-reactive protein, but has no effect on markers of atherosclerosis

Increased α-linolenic acid intake lowers C-reactive protein, but has no effect on markers of atherosclerosis

Dietary determinants of subclinical inflammation, dyslipidemia and components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight children: a review

Nutritional influences on age-related skeletal muscle loss

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