Dietary zinc and iron intake and risk of depression: A meta-analysis

Li, Zongyao; Li, Bingrong; Song, Xingxing; Zhang, Dongfeng

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.006

Cited by 112 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our findings support the notion that micronutrients, including iron, have been reported to show their individual effects on the brain and mood . A recent meta‐analysis indicated an inverse association between dietary iron intake and risk of depression . Many associations between iron status and brain functions have been suggested .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…33 A recent meta-analysis indicated an inverse association between dietary iron intake and risk of depression. 34 Many associations between iron status and brain functions have been suggested. [35][36][37] It is worth noting that, in depression, iron plays a role as a cofactor for tyrosine and tryptophan hydroxylases, which are responsible for monoamine (i.e., dopamine and serotonin) synthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association between iron‐deficiency anemia and depression: A web‐based Japanese investigation

Hidese

Saito²,

Asano³

2018

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between iron‐deficiency anemia and depression: A web‐based Japanese investigation

Hidese

Saito²,

Asano³

2018

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…Second, deficiencies in certain vitamins [51], minerals [52], and essential fatty acids (such as long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from fatty fish) [53] may impact depression by directly influencing biological pathways associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Low levels of folic acid, which is abundant in non-refined grains and vegetables, and zinc, a mineral found in non-refined grain products, have both been associated with depression [54,55]. Vegetables are an important source of minerals, fibre, alpha-linolenic acid (i.e., 18:3n-3 PUFA), and vitamins, and other anti-oxidants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of food groups with depression and anxiety disorders

et al. 2019

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Purpose Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been associated with fewer depressive symptoms, however, it is unknown whether this is attributed to some or to all components. We examined the association between the individual food groups of the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), in isolation and in combination, with depression and anxiety (symptom severity and diagnosis). Methods Data from 1634 adults were available from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Eleven energyadjusted food groups were created from a 238-item food frequency questionnaire. In regression analysis, these were associated in isolation and combination with (1) depressive and anxiety disorders (established with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview) (current disorder n = 414), and (2) depression and anxiety severity [measured with the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Fear Questionnaire (FEAR)].Results Overall, the MDS score shows the strongest relationships with depression/anxiety [Diagnosis: odds ratio (OR) 0.77 per SD, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.66-0.90, IDS: standardised betas (β) − 0.13, 95% CI − 0.18, − 0.08] and anxiety (BAI: β − 0.11, 95% CI − 0.16, − 0.06, FEAR: β − 0.08, 95% CI − 0.13, − 0.03). Greater consumption of non-refined grains and vegetables was associated with lower depression and anxiety severity, whilst being a non-drinker was associated with higher symptom severity. Higher fruit and vegetable intake was associated with lower fear severity. Non-refined grain consumption was associated with lower odds and being a non-drinker with greater odds of current depression/anxiety disorders compared to healthy controls, these associations persisted after adjustment for other food groups (OR 0.82 per SD, 95% CI 0.71-0.96, OR 1.26 per SD 95% CI 1.08-1.46). Conclusion We can conclude that non-refined grains, vegetables and alcohol intake appeared to be the driving variables for the associated the total MDS score and depression/anxiety. However, the combined effect of the whole diet remains important for mental health. It should be explored whether an increase consumption of non-refined grains and vegetables may help to prevent or reduce depression and anxiety.

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“…A previous study has reported that infrequent breakfast eaters exhibited higher zinc, magnesium, and folate intake levels than habitual breakfast eaters [44]. Interestingly, several population-based meta-analyses have shown that higher zinc [45], magnesium [46], and folate intake [47] was associated with a lower risk of depressive symptoms. Unfortunately, we could not provide strong evidence for the relationship between dietary zinc, magnesium, and folate intake and the risk of depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Association between Breakfast Consumption and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Cohort Study

Ren

Cao

Peng³

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Skipping breakfast has been suggested to increase the risk of depressive symptoms, but there is no information regarding young adults. We aimed to investigate the relationship between the frequency of breakfast consumption and the risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students. We investigated a cross-sectional (n = 1060) and one-year prospective (n = 757) relationship between the frequency of breakfast consumption and the risk of depressive symptoms. The frequency of breakfast consumption was categorized into "≤1 time/week", "2-5 times/week", or "≥6 times/week". Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 20-item Zung self-rating depression scale (SDS) with an SDS score of ≥50 to indicate moderate to severe depressive symptoms. In the cross-sectional analysis, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of depressive symptoms related with the breakfast consumption categories were 1.00 (reference) for ≥6 times/week, 1.761 (95% CI: 1.131, 2.742) for 2-5 times/week, and 3.780 (95% CI: 1.719, 8.311) for ≤1 time/week (p for trend: <0.001) after adjusting for these potential confounders. Similarly, in the one-year prospective analysis, we found that 10.2% of participants was classified as having moderate to severe depressive symptoms. Multivariate logistic regressions analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between the frequency of breakfast consumption and the risk of depressive symptoms. The ORs (95% CI) for depressive symptoms with decreasing breakfast consumption frequency were 1.00 (reference) for ≥6 times/week, 2. 045 (1.198, 3.491) for 2-5 times/week, and 2.722 (0.941, 7.872) for ≤1 time/week (p for trend: 0.005). This one-year prospective cohort study showed that skipping breakfast is related to increased risk of depressive symptoms among Chinese college students. Future research using interventional or experimental studies is required to explore the causal relationship between the effects of breakfast consumption and depressive symptoms.

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Dietary zinc and iron intake and risk of depression: A meta-analysis

Cited by 112 publications

References 52 publications

Association between iron‐deficiency anemia and depression: A web‐based Japanese investigation

Association between iron‐deficiency anemia and depression: A web‐based Japanese investigation

Association of food groups with depression and anxiety disorders

Association between Breakfast Consumption and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese College Students: A Cross-Sectional and Prospective Cohort Study

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