Dietary treatment of weight loss in patients with advanced cancer and cachexia: A systematic literature review

Balstad, Trude Rakel; Solheim, Tora Skeidsvoll; Strasser, Florian; Kaasa, Stein; Bye, Asta

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.02.005

Cited by 87 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Evidence to support nutritional interventions in cancer is conflicting, and a systematic review considering the effect of nutritional support identified five clinical trials examining the effect of weight and energy intake on dietary counselling 40. Two of the five studies showed reduced weight loss in patients receiving dietary counselling (+1.4 kg vs −2 kg, P<0.05, and +1% wt gain vs −1.5% wt loss, P=0.03) 41 42.…”

Section: Dietary Intervention and Treatment Of Nutritional Impact Symmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal—Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial

Solheim

Laird

Balstad

et al. 2018

BMJ Support Palliat Care

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144

110

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Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by an on-going loss of skeletal muscle mass that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support alone. Cachexia has a high prevalence in cancer and a major impact on patient physical function, morbidity and mortality. Despite the consequences of cachexia, there is no licensed treatment for cachexia and no accepted standard of care. It has been argued that the multifactorial genesis of cachexia lends itself to therapeutic targeting through a multimodal treatment. Following a successful phase II trial, a phase III randomized controlled trial of a multimodal cachexia intervention is underway.Termed the MENAC trial (Multimodal -Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia), this intervention is based on evidence to date and consists of Non-steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAID) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to reduce inflammation, a physical exercise programme using resistance and aerobic training to increase anabolism, as well as dietary counselling and oral nutritional supplements to promote energy and protein balance. Herein we describe the development of this trial.

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Section: Dietary Intervention and Treatment Of Nutritional Impact Symmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal—Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial

Solheim

Laird

Balstad

et al. 2018

BMJ Support Palliat Care

Self Cite

144

110

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show abstract

“…[10] In addition, malnutrition is a common complication in patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery for cancer. [2,6] This common problem in cancer patients has been recognized as a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multidisciplinary team approach for nutritional interventions conducted by specialist nurses in patients with advanced colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy

Lin

Chen

et al. 2017

Medicine

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Background & aims:Nutritional interventions for malnutrition in cancer patients can be helpful. However, concise intervention recommendations remain controversial. Thus, the aim of this study was to report on a nutrition intervention conducted by a multidisciplinary team of specialist nurses and to explore the effect of nutritional intervention on cancer patients.Methods:This prospective clinical trial study enrolled 110 colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The patients were evaluated upon admission using the 2002 Nutritional Risk Screening system (NRS-2002). The patients were randomly divided into intervention and control groups including 55 patients each. Patients in the control group were administered a normal diet, while those in the intervention group received individual recipes developed by a team of professional nurses, clinical doctors, dietitian, family caregivers, and the patients themselves. Patient weight and serum albumin and prealbumin levels were compared between the 2 groups at different time points.Results:There was a significant difference in patient weight and serum albumin and prealbumin levels before and after nutrition intervention in the intervention group (P < .05). In the control group, weight did not change during ordinary diet guidance. Serum albumin level was slightly improved after 12 cycles of chemotherapy, similar to the prealbumin results. There were statistically significant differences in serum albumin and prealbumin levels between the intervention and control groups after nutrition intervention (P < .05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in weight between the groups after nutrition intervention (P > .05).Conclusion:A multidisciplinary team approach for nutrition intervention conducted by specialist nurses improved prealbumin levels in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, with no weight change.

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“…Zwei systematische Reviews untersuchten randomisierte kontrollierte Studien zur Wirksamkeit einer oralen Ernährungstherapie bei mangelernährten Tumorpatienten und fanden keine belastbaren Effekte auf die Energieaufnahme, das Körpergewicht und die Mortalität [137,138]. Zu dieser wichtigen Thematik liegen allerdings insgesamt nur sehr wenige qualitativ hochwertige Untersuchungen vor; dies wird u. a. dadurch offensichtlich, dass Baldwin et al 13 RCTs für ihre Analyse wähl-ten [137], während Balstad et al bei einer ähnlichen Literaturanalyse lediglich 2 adäquate Studien akzeptierten [138]. Die orale Nahrungsaufnahme kann durch spezifische Symptome und Störungen des Gastrointestinaltrakts behindert sein.…”

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Dietary treatment of weight loss in patients with advanced cancer and cachexia: A systematic literature review

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal—Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial

Cancer cachexia: rationale for the MENAC (Multimodal—Exercise, Nutrition and Anti-inflammatory medication for Cachexia) trial

A multidisciplinary team approach for nutritional interventions conducted by specialist nurses in patients with advanced colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy

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