Dietary Supplementation With Leucine or in Combination With Arginine Decreases Body Fat Weight and Alters Gut Microbiota Composition in Finishing Pigs

Hu, Chengjun; Li, Fengna; Duan, Yehui; Yin, Yulong; Kong, Xiangfeng

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01767

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…For example, Ridaura et al demonstrated that the gut microbiota from obese subjects induced a notable increase in the circulating BCAAs, which are characteristic of an obese state [139]. It seems that the lipid metabolism induced by Leu is closely related to that by the intestinal microbiota [140], as gut microbes may assist in absorption of Leu in the intestinal epithelial cells and intervene in Leu metabolism [122]. Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation, which transplants the fecal microbiota from a donor into a recipient or into a germ-free mouse, has been an important area of research and a therapeutic approach for obesity [141].…”

Section: Leu and Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine Supplementation: A Novel Strategy for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Lipid metabolism is an important and complex biochemical process involved in the storage of energy and maintenance of normal biological functions. Leucine, a branched amino acid, has anti-obesity effects on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. Leucine also modulates mitochondrial dysfunction, representing a new strategy to target aging, neurodegenerative disease, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Although various studies have been carried out, much uncertainty still exists and further studies are required to fully elucidate the relationship between leucine and lipid metabolism. This review offers an up-to-date report on leucine, as key roles in both lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in vivo and in vitro by acceleration of fatty acid oxidation, lipolysis, activation of the adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–silent information regulator of transcription 1 (SIRT1)–proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) pathway, synthesis, and/or secretion of adipokines and stability of the gut microbiota.

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Section: Leu and Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine Supplementation: A Novel Strategy for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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“…Dietary Arg addition of mice has been reported to change the intestinal microbiota, contributing to the activation of intestinal innate immunity through nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Akt signaling pathways ( Ren et al., 2014 ). Hu et al. (2019) demonstrated that dietary supplementation with Arg in combination with leucine decreased body fat weight and increased colonic butyrate and propionate concentrations, which were related to the alteration of gut microbiota composition in finishing pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dietary l-arginine supplementation ameliorates inflammatory response and alters gut microbiota composition in broiler chickens infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Zhang

Shahid

et al. 2020

Poultry Science

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary arginine ( Arg ) supplementation on the inflammatory response and gut microbiota of broiler chickens subjected to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. One hundred and forty 1-day-old Arbor Acres male birds were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement including diet treatment (with or without 0.3% Arg supplementation) and immunological stress (with or without S. typhimurium challenge). Samples were obtained at 7 D after infection (day 23). Results showed that S. typhimurium challenge caused histopathological and morphological damages, but Arg addition greatly reduced these intestinal injuries. S. typhimurium challenge elevated the levels of serum inflammatory parameters, including diamine oxidase, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL-1β, IL-8, and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha factor ( LITNF ) homolog. However, Arg supplementation decreased the serum procalcitonin, IL-1β, IL-8, and LITNF concentration. S. typhimurium challenge significantly increased jejunal IL-1β , IL-8 , IL-10 , and IL-17 mRNA expression and tended to upregulate IL-22 mRNA expression, but Arg supplementation remarkably reduced IL-8 mRNA expression, tended to downregulate IL-22 mRNA expression, and dramatically elevated IFN-γ and IL-10 mRNA expression. In addition, sequencing data of 16S rDNA indicated that the population of Proteobacteria phylum; Enterobacteriaceae family; Escherichia–Shigella, and Nitrosomonas genera; and Escherichia coli and Ochrobactrum intermedium species were more abundant, but the population of Rhodocyclaceae and Clostridiaceae _ 1 families and Candidatus Arthromitus genus were less abundant in the ileal digesta of birds with only S. typhimurium infection when compared with the controls. Treatment with Arg in birds subjected to S. typhimurium challenge increased the abundances of Firmicutes phylum, Clostridiaceae _1 family, Methylobacterium and Candidatus Arthromitus genera but decreased the abundance of Nitrosomonas genus and Rhizobium cellulosilyticum and Rubrobacter xylanophilus species as compared with the only S. typhimurium –challenged birds. In conclusion, Arg supplementation can alleviate intestinal mucosal impairment by ameliorating inflammatory response and modulating gut microbiota in broiler chickens cha...

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“…The emerging role of SCFAs on skeletal-muscle metabolism and function was recently reviewed [ 224 ]. In addition, increased leucine levels are correlated with enhanced butyrate and propionate concentrations in pigs, displaying a greater abundance of Actinobacteria species and body-fat loss [ 183 ]. This may indicate that the microbiome may play a pivotal role in mTOR activation and leucine metabolism in the intestinal epithelial cells, possessing a propitious role in metabolic health [ 86 ].…”

Section: Sarcopenic Obesity: a Case For Protein And Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Protein Intake in Older Adults with Sarcopenia and Obesity: A Gut Microbiota Perspective

et al. 2020

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The continuous population increase of older adults with metabolic diseases may contribute to increased prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity and requires advocacy of optimal nutrition treatments to combat their deleterious outcomes. Sarcopenic obesity, characterized by age-induced skeletal-muscle atrophy and increased adiposity, may accelerate functional decline and increase the risk of disability and mortality. In this review, we explore the influence of dietary protein on the gut microbiome and its impact on sarcopenia and obesity. Given the associations between red meat proteins and altered gut microbiota, a combination of plant and animal-based proteins are deemed favorable for gut microbiota eubiosis and muscle-protein synthesis. Additionally, high-protein diets with elevated essential amino-acid concentrations, alongside increased dietary fiber intake, may promote gut microbiota eubiosis, given the metabolic effects derived from short-chain fatty-acid and branched-chain fatty-acid production. In conclusion, a greater abundance of specific gut bacteria associated with increased satiation, protein synthesis, and overall metabolic health may be driven by protein and fiber consumption. This could counteract the development of sarcopenia and obesity and, therefore, represent a novel approach for dietary recommendations based on the gut microbiota profile. However, more human trials utilizing advanced metabolomic techniques to investigate the microbiome and its relationship with macronutrient intake, especially protein, are warranted.

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Dietary Supplementation With Leucine or in Combination With Arginine Decreases Body Fat Weight and Alters Gut Microbiota Composition in Finishing Pigs

Cited by 31 publications

References 44 publications

Leucine Supplementation: A Novel Strategy for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis

Leucine Supplementation: A Novel Strategy for Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis

Dietary l-arginine supplementation ameliorates inflammatory response and alters gut microbiota composition in broiler chickens infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Impact of Protein Intake in Older Adults with Sarcopenia and Obesity: A Gut Microbiota Perspective

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