Dietary supplementation withLactobacillus plantarummodified gut microbiota, bile acid profile and glucose homoeostasis in weaning piglets

Abstract

Bile acids (BA) have emerged as signalling molecules regulating intestinal physiology. The importance of intestinal microbiota in production of secondary BA, for example, lithocholic acid (LCA) which impairs enterocyte proliferation and permeability, triggered us to determine the effects of oral probiotics on intestinal BA metabolism. Piglets were weaned at 28 d of age and allocated into control (CON, n 14) or probiotic (PRO, n 14) group fed 50 mg of Lactobacillus plantarum daily, and gut microbiota and BA profile were determined. To test the potential interaction of LCA with bacteria endotoxins in inducing damage of enterocytes, IPEC-J2 cells were treated with LCA, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LCA + LPS and expressions of genes related to inflammation, antioxidant capacity and nutrient transport were determined. Compared with the CON group, the PRO group showed lower total LCA level in the ileum and higher relative abundance of the Lactobacillus genus in faeces. In contrast, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Parabacteroides and Ruminococcus_1, important bacteria genera in BA biotransformation, were all lower in the PRO than in the CON group. Moreover, PRO piglets had lower postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 level, while higher glucose level than CON piglets. Co-administration of LPS and LCA led to down-regulated expression of glucose and peptide transporter genes in IPEC-J2 cells. Altogether, oral L. plantarum altered BA profile probably by modulating relative abundances of gut microbial genera that play key roles in BA metabolism and might consequently impact glucose homoeostasis. The detrimental effect of LCA on nutrient transport in enterocytes might be aggravated under LPS challenge.

Timely Control of Gastrointestinal Eubiosis: A Strategic Pillar of Pig Health

“…Feeding the Lactobacillus amylovorus strain, which is dominant in the pre-weaning pig microbial community, could help in maintaining its presence in post-feeding and contributing to protecting the post-weaning piglets from E. coli F4 infection [46]. In agreement with Konstantinov et al [46], another lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus plantarum, has shown promising results, contributing to increasing the level of recognized beneficial bacteria, including bacteria belonging to the Bifidobacteriaceae family [124] and the genera Lactobacillus and Mitsuokella [125,126]. More recently, attention to other bacteria, in addition to LAB bacteria, has increased and, of them, Bacillus spp.…”

Krill Oil Combined with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis F1-7 Alleviates the Atherosclerosis of ApoE−/− Mice

“…The FXR is a key target of bile acid metabolism and is involved in lipid metabolism regulation. Intestinal FXR regulates liver CYP7A1 by acting on the fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) and improves bile acid metabolism [38,39]. Our previous study found that probiotic Bif.…”

Dietary pectin caused greatly changes in bile acid profiles of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

“…Due to the wide-ranging and important functions of BAs, BA pro le analysis is garnering increasing attention in medicine and zootechnics (Fu et al 2020;Lin et al 2020). However, neither the reason for nor the effect of changes in BA pro les has received su cient attention in sh.…”

“…Even a slight difference in BA hydroxylation patterns may exert drastically different biological responses (Li and Chiang 2009;Song et al, 2015). Therefore, BA pro le assessments are garnering increasing interest to screen potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of human liver and intestinal diseases (Fu et al 2020;Slopianka et al 2017), malnutrition (Lin et al 2020), and healing processes (Roda et al 2019). It was noticed that the BA pro les of sh could be in uenced by diet (Zhang et al 2017), however, it was unclear about the agent in diet that exerted the effect.…”