Dietary Supplement Use in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–March 2020

Mishra, Suruchi; Gahche, Jaime J; Ogden, Cynthia L.; Dimeler, Melissa; Potischman, Nancy; Ahluwalia, Namanjeet

doi:10.15620/cdc:124677

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…33 Further study is needed given their widespread use in the general population. 34 Here we tested whether daily treatment with cocoa extract (CE) and/or a MVM for 3 years protected cognitive function in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Longer‐term daily intake (>12 months) of a multivitamin‐mineral (MVM) alone or with other dietary supplements to enhance global cognitive function in older adults (≥65 years) has been examined in just one large randomized controlled trial (RCT), which included only male physicians 33 . Further study is needed given their widespread use in the general population 34 . Here we tested whether daily treatment with cocoa extract (CE) and/or a MVM for 3 years protected cognitive function in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial

Baker

Manson

Rapp

et al. 2022

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Introduction: Dietary supplements are touted for cognitive protection, but supporting evidence is mixed. COSMOS-Mind tested whether daily administration of cocoa extract (containing 500 mg/day flavanols) versus placebo and a commercial multivitamin-mineral (MVM) versus placebo improved cognition in older women and men. Methods: COSMOS-Mind, a large randomized two-by-two factorial 3-year trial, assessed cognition by telephone at baseline and annually. The primary outcome was a global cognition composite formed from mean standardized (z) scores (relative to baseline) from individual tests, including the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status, Word List and Story Recall, Oral Trail-Making, Verbal Fluency, Number Span, and DigitOrdering. Using intention-to-treat, the primary endpoint was change in this composite with 3 years of cocoa extract use. The pre-specified secondary endpoint was change in the composite with 3 years of MVM supplementation. Treatment effects were also examined for executive function and memory composite scores, and in pre-specified subgroups at higher risk for cognitive decline.Results: A total of 2262 participants were enrolled (mean age = 73y; 60% women; 89% non-Hispanic White), and 92% completed the baseline and at least one annual assessment. Cocoa extract had no effect on global cognition (mean z-score = 0.03, 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.08; P = .28). Daily MVM supplementation, relative to placebo, resulted in a statistically significant benefit on global cognition (mean z = 0.07, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.12; P = .007), and this effect was most pronounced in participants with a history of cardiovascular disease (no history: 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.11; history: 0.14, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.31; interaction, nominal P = .01). Multivitamin-mineral benefits were also observed for memory and executive function. The cocoa extract by MVM group interaction was not significant for any of the cognitive composites.Discussion: Cocoa extract did not benefit cognition. However, COSMOS-Mind provides the first evidence from a large, long-term, pragmatic trial to support the potential efficacy of a MVM to improve cognition in older adults. Additional work is needed toThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial

Baker

Manson

Rapp

et al. 2022

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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“…Recent data show that more than 50% of U.S. adults aged 20 and use some form of dietary supplement. Its use was also found to increase with age, as 80.2% of U.S. adults 60 or older report using at least one form of dietary supplement [140]. Although concern has been raised by medical associations and physicians about the use of herbal remedies and supplements, most patients perceive herbal medicines as natural and safe products.…”

Section: Herbal Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anesthetic Concerns in Psychiatric Disease

Martinez-Baladejo¹,

Liongson²,

Wong³

et al. 2023

Updates in Anesthesia - The Operating Room and Beyond

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As the prevalence of mental health illnesses rises worldwide, the use of psychotropic medications follows. Undoubtedly, many patients using psychotropic medications will undergo procedures requiring anesthesia both in the operating room and outside of it. This chapter focuses on psychotropic medications that may complicate the surgical and postoperative course of patients undergoing anesthesia. Toward this aim, we performed a literature review using targeted key terms. Relevant articles were cited, and findings are summarized in this narrative review. We begin with discussing psychotropic medication pharmacology, drug-drug interactions, and side effects, emphasizing their interaction with anesthetic agents. We summarize the current recommendations for managing these medications in the perioperative period. In the discussion section, we focus on highlighting future directions for the intersection between psychotropic medications and anesthesia. Overall, we provide insight into the perioperative management of patients taking psychotropic medications, the point of intersection between the fields of psychiatry and anesthesia.

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“…Globally, over the past 40 years, there has been an observed increase in dietary supplement use from 25% to 70%. 10 - 13 These proportions are higher among people with non-communicable diseases, the elderly, women, and university students. 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 The increase in dietary supplement use can influence consumers to abandon conventional diets and medically approved treatments, thus leading to adverse reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplement Use and Associated Factors Among Adults Working in Urban Settings in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lwakatare¹,

Mlimbila

2023

Health�Serv�Insights

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Dietary supplements are products consumed to provide nutrients or other substances that the user may not consume in sufficient amounts through normal diets. Despite their increased global popularity, there is still scant information regarding the use of dietary supplements and associated factors among adult populations in Tanzania. This study aimed to assess the extent of dietary supplement use and factors associated with use among adults working in urban settings. This was a cross-sectional study involving 419 adults working in public and private institutions within the Ilala District of Dar es Salaam who were selected using stratified and simple random sampling techniques. The study’s data was collected using quantitative methods through a self-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics for frequencies, means, standard deviations, and proportions; cross-tabulations with chi-square tests for comparing observed differences in supplement use; and multivariable logistic regression for identifying factors associated with supplement use. A P-value of <.05 was considered statistically significant in the analysis. The prevalence of dietary supplement use among working adults was 46.5%, where 36.9% reported regular and 63.1% occasional supplement use, respectively. Seven types of dietary supplements were identified to be consumed, of which 45.1% of the respondents consumed more than one type of dietary supplement. Multivitamins (64.1%) were the most frequently reported type of supplement consumed, followed by Mineral (34.9%) and Herbal/Botanical (26.7%) supplements. The most commonly reported reason for dietary supplement use among working adults was to improve overall health (67.1%). A third of the users (35.9%) admitted to self-prescribing dietary supplements without seeking professional medical advice. The use of dietary supplements was significantly associated with being female (AOR = 2.243, 95% CI 1.415-3.555, P = .001) and knowledgeable of supplements (AOR = 6.756, 95% CI 4.092-11.154, P < .001). Overall, the use of dietary supplements is popular among adults working within urban settings, but its use is exacerbated by perceived knowledge and self-prescription instead of health professional advice. Therefore, there is a need for further studies to explain better the underlying drivers for perceived knowledge on decision-making. There is also a strong need for extensive health education to prevent inappropriate or excessive use of supplements which might lead to potential adverse events.

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Dietary Supplement Use in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–March 2020

Abstract: This report presents prevalence estimates for dietary supplement use, number of dietary supplements used, and frequency of use for the most commonly used dietary supplements in the United States.

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial

Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function: A randomized clinical trial

Anesthetic Concerns in Psychiatric Disease

Dietary Supplement Use and Associated Factors Among Adults Working in Urban Settings in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

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