Dietary Sodium Intake in People with Diabetes in Korea: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2008 to 2010

Kang, Myung Shin; Kim, Chong Hwa; Jeong, Su Jin; Park, Tae Sun

doi:10.4093/dmj.2016.40.4.290

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Despite the known association of high sodium intake with HBP and the heightened risk of CVD in people with T2DM [37], the mean dietary sodium intake in our sample was higher than observed in the general U.S. population [38] but comparable to individuals with T2DM as found in other studies [39, 40]. Compared with native Koreans with T2DM, this sample tended to have lower sodium intake (mean = 3600.5 mg) than native Koreans (mean = 4910.2 mg) [41]. Although little is known about the association between length of stay in the U.S. as a proxy of acculturation and sodium intake, acculturation may influence amount of sodium intake since the more acculturated immigrants may be less likely to eat traditional Korean foods that contain relatively high amounts of sodium but also more likely to eat larger portions of processed foods with high amount of sodium based on previous studies [14, 42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Factors Predicting Sodium Intake of Korean Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Kim

Timmerman³

et al. 2017

J Immigrant Minority Health

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The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications including cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease threaten Korean Americans (KAs). High dietary sodium intake contributes to both conditions. The purpose of the study was to assess dietary sodium consumption and to examine the predictors of sodium intake among KA with T2DM. A total 232 KA who had uncontrolled diabetes participated in this study. The majority of the sample (69%) consumed more sodium than current national guidelines. A high level of energy intake was the strongest predictor for sodium intake with gender and marital status also related. Our findings identified predictive factors to excessive sodium intake and these data support the need for culturally-tailored education about appropriate dietary sodium and energy intake are needed for patients about T2DM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Factors Predicting Sodium Intake of Korean Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Kim

Timmerman³

et al. 2017

J Immigrant Minority Health

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“…The eGFR was categorized as either ≥60 or not as previously described ( 12 ). Cardiovascular disease was considered present if the individual had experienced a stroke or had a congenital heart defect ( 13 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical implications of age and sex in the prevalence of periodontitis in Korean adults with diabetes

Han

Park

2018

Exp Ther Med

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The present study was performed to assess the risk factors for periodontitis in Korean adults with diabetes. Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of the Korean population, conducted between January 2012 and December 2014 were used in the investigation. The presence of periodontitis in participants with diabetes in association with demographic variables and the anthropometric characteristics of the participants was investigated. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations between periodontitis and age, sex, diabetic control and duration of diabetes, following adjustment for confounding factors. The odds ratio of periodontitis was higher in individuals ≥65 years old compared with individuals <65 years old (1.152). The odds ratio of periodontitis was significantly higher in males compared with females (1.774). The number of patients with moderate and severe periodontitis differed significantly between different age groups. The present study revealed that age, sex and oral health behavior are risk indicators for periodontitis in patients with diabetes. The present study suggests that that an increased age, being male and engaging in poor oral health behavior increases the risk of periodontitis in participants with diabetes.

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“…Further details of the other 36 studies are outlined in the Table. Two thirds (24) of these studies were conducted in high-income countries, a quarter (nine) in middle-income countries (seven in upper middle-income and two in lower middle-income countries), and one in a low-income country. Two further studies were systematic reviews conducted on a regional (sub-Saharan Africa) 12 or global scale.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of the implementation of salt reduction interventions (March–August 2016)

Santos

Trieu

Thout

et al. 2017

J of Clinical Hypertension

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This review aims to identify, summarize, and appraise studies reporting on the implementation of salt reduction interventions that were published between March and August 2016. Overall, 40 studies were included: four studies evaluated the impact of salt reduction interventions, while 36 studies were identified as relevant to the design, assessment, and implementation of salt reduction strategies. Detailed appraisal and commentary were undertaken on the four studies that measured the impact of the interventions. Among them, different evaluation approaches were adopted; however, all demonstrated positive health outcomes relating to dietary salt reduction. Three of the four studies measured sodium in breads and provided consistent evidence that sodium reduction in breads is feasible and different intervention options are available.None of the studies were conducted in low-or lower middle-income countries, which stresses the need for more resources and research support for the implementation of salt reduction interventions in these countries. | INTRODUCTIONHigh salt intake is one of the main contributors to premature death from cardiovascular diseases globally. of countries (China, Finland, France, England, and Ireland) had already achieved significant reductions in population salt intake. | METHODOLOGYA detailed description of the search strategy used to identify and screen studies in this review has been previously reported. In the current review, studies evaluating the impact of salt reduction interventions were appraised for risk of bias by two independent reviewers using a modified Cochrane risk of bias tool for nonrandomized trials of intervention studies. 4,7 Detailed appraisal and commentary were also performed on these studies. Other types of studies that provided information pertinent to the design, implementation, and assessment of salt reduction interventions were summarized in a table.These include (1) studies on monitoring and surveillance of salt intake;(2) salt content in foods; (3) consumers' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward salt; (4) economic evaluation or modeling studies of salt reduction strategies; and (5) other studies related to implementation of salt reduction initiatives. | RESULTSThe MEDLINE search identified 3675 citations, of which 85 were considered potentially eligible for full review on the basis of their findings relevant to salt reduction interventions. Ultimately, a total of 40 studies met the inclusion criteria: four studies evaluated the impact of salt reduction interventions, 21 were surveillance or monitoring studies, five were modeling studies relating to salt reduction, and 10 other studies related to the implementation of salt reduction interventions (Figure 1). conducted at a community level, 8,11 one assessed the impact of salt substitution in breads employed at a community level, 10 and one evaluated the changes in sodium levels in foods achieved through voluntary sodium reduction targets implemented at a national level. 9The method for evaluating the impact ...

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Dietary Sodium Intake in People with Diabetes in Korea: The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 2008 to 2010

Cited by 20 publications

References 24 publications

Factors Predicting Sodium Intake of Korean Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Factors Predicting Sodium Intake of Korean Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Clinical implications of age and sex in the prevalence of periodontitis in Korean adults with diabetes

The Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of the implementation of salt reduction interventions (March–August 2016)

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