Dietary Reference Intakes

Trumbo, Paula R.; Yates, Allison A.; Schlicker, Sandra A.; Poos, Mary I.

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00078-5

Cited by 1,983 publications

(303 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Because of the cessation of menstruation during pregnancy, iron requirements initially decrease in the first trimester compared to the pre‐pregnancy state, but they increase dramatically thereafter to meet the additional demands for iron deposition in the foetus, placenta and umbilicus, as well as the increase in maternal erythrocyte mass (Trumbo et al , 2001). Compared to the non‐pregnant state, however, iron absorption is markedly suppressed during the first trimester of pregnancy (Svanberg, 1975), perhaps due in part to reduced iron needs, but there is also evidence that erythropoiesis is suppressed under the influence of blunted erythropoietin production and receptivity in the first part of pregnancy (Beguin et al , 1991).…”

Section: Antenatal Iron Requirements In Low‐income Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron supplementation will boost this expansion, and thus increase haemoglobin concentrations in the second and third trimester. As a consequence, the estimated iron needs are directly dependent on the cut‐off value for haemoglobin concentration (Trumbo et al , 2001). Reference values for haemoglobin concentration in pregnancy are not defined by functional criteria, but have been derived from samples of iron‐supplemented pregnant women in the developed countries (WHO, 1968).…”

Section: Antenatal Iron Requirements In Low‐income Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety and benefits of antenatal oral iron supplementation in low‐income countries: a review

2017

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SummaryThe World Health Organization recommends universal iron supplementation of 30–60 mg/day in pregnancy but coverage is low in most countries. Its efficacy is uncertain, however, and there has been a vigorous debate in the last decade about its safety, particularly in areas with a high burden of malaria and other infectious diseases. We reviewed the evidence on the safety and efficacy of antenatal iron supplementation in low‐income countries. We found no evidence that daily supplementation at a dose of 60 mg leads to increased maternal Plasmodium infection risk. On the other hand, recent meta‐analyses found that antenatal iron supplementation provides benefits for maternal health (severe anaemia at postpartum, blood transfusion). For neonates, there was a reduced prematurity risk, and only a small or no effect on birth weight. A recent trial showed, however, that benefits of antenatal iron supplementation on maternal and neonatal health vary by maternal iron status, with substantial benefits in iron‐deficient women. The benefits of universal iron supplementation are likely to vary with the prevalence of iron deficiency. As a consequence, the balance between benefits and risks is probably more favourable in low‐income countries than in high‐income countries despite the higher exposure to infectious pathogens.

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Section: Antenatal Iron Requirements In Low‐income Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antenatal Iron Requirements In Low‐income Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and benefits of antenatal oral iron supplementation in low‐income countries: a review

2017

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“…32 Recently, for interpreting urine, plasma and whole blood Mo biomonitoring levels in the context of exposure guidance values, biomonitoring equivalents (BEs) have been designed to against inadequacy and toxicity. 33 BEs of Mo in urine associated with toxicity range between 200-7500 mg/L; 33 and taking into account these values, around only 5% of our women were into Mo toxicity exposure range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary determinants of urinary molybdenum levels in Mexican women: a pilot study

Barrios¹,

Vázquez-Salas²,

López‐Carrillo³

et al. 2017

Salud Publica Mex

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Objective. This study determined the main dietary sources of urinary molybdenum (Mo) concentrations in a sample of 124 pregnant women in Mexico. Materials and methods. Dietary data was collected during pregnancy, through a semiqualitative food frequency questionnaire, with information of 84 foods. Urine Mo levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, for at least two trimesters of pregnancy. The associations with Mo levels were estimated by generalized mixed effect regression models. Results. Between 5.8 to 12.7% of the samples were above the 95 th percentile of urinary Mo distribution reported by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010 for women (151 μg/L and 148 μg/g creatinine). After bootstrap resampling was conducted, women with high-consumption of hot peppers (β=1.34μg/g; 95% CI: 1.00-1.80; p= 0.05) had marginally higher urinary Mo concentration levels, creatinine adjusted, compared to women with low-consumption. Conclusion. Hot chili pepper consumption may contribute to body burden Mo levels in this population.

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“…It is defined by the National Academies as the average daily dietary intake required to meet the needs of nearly all healthy individuals in a certain group and is agreed to be 0.8 g/kg of body mass [10]. This figure is the result of numerous studies using nitrogen balance among other techniques.…”

Section: Recommended Dietary Allowancementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Protein Intake in Athletes

Resnick¹,

Tennent²,

Patzkowski³

et al. 2015

TOJ

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Optimal protein requirements and supplementation are a topic of great interest for competitive and recreational athletes. However, there is considerable debate as to what constitutes adequate intake in sporting populations. Multiple studies have been undertaken to assess protein utilization and protein supplementation. The current consensus in the literature advocates a diet containing 1.2-1.8 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day for strength athletes and 1.2-1.4 grams per kilogram of body weight per day for endurance athletes. Metabolic studies have shown a diet containing 2.4 grams per kilogram to be excessive. The average American diet contains more than 200% of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA), with some athletes consuming diets containing up to 6.4 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. Given a well-balanced, calorically appropriate diet, there is no evidence to support intake above these levels. Furthermore, female athletes in particular must take care to ensure that they receive adequate protein from a balanced diet and be selective about their athletic supplementation.

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Dietary Reference Intakes

Cited by 1,983 publications

References 2 publications

Safety and benefits of antenatal oral iron supplementation in low‐income countries: a review

Safety and benefits of antenatal oral iron supplementation in low‐income countries: a review

Dietary determinants of urinary molybdenum levels in Mexican women: a pilot study

Optimal Protein Intake in Athletes

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