Dietary phosphate exacerbates intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis

Abstract

The recent widespread consumption of Western diets and food additives worldwide is associated with excessive inorganic phosphate intake. However, researchers have known little about the impact of dietary phosphate intake on the development of inflammatory bowel disease to date. In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary phosphate on intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed different phosphate diets (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% phosphate) with or without dextran sulfate sodium. For in vitro study, the effects of phosphate on proinflammatory cytokine induction and reactive oxygen species production in RAW264.7 macrophage were examined. Dietary phosphate exacerbated intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis in a dose-dependent manner, as assessed by the clinical disease activity score, colon length, and histology. Furthermore, the high phosphate diet increased myeloperoxidase activity and proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression through the activation of nuclear factor κB in the inflamed colon. In addition, high phosphate loading in RAW264.7 cells directly enhanced reactive oxygen species production and proinflammatory cytokine gene expression. Our results demonstrated that the high phosphate diet exacerbated intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis. These findings have important therapeutic implications for inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Capabilities of fecal calprotectin and blood biomarkers as surrogate endoscopic markers according to ulcerative colitis disease type

“…Introduction U lcerative colitis (UC) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by mucosal inflammation in the colon and rectum, with affected patients demonstrating various clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, melena, and fever. (1)(2)(3) Although the intractability of this disease is widely recognized, novel therapeutic drugs such as biologics and tacrolimus recently developed have contributed to improvements in remission induction and patient health maintenance. (4)(5)(6)(7)(8) Such newly established treatments are anticipated to lead to mucosal healing (MH) and induction of clinical remission, as well as reductions in the rates of hospitalization and surgical resection.…”

The association among enterobacterial flora, dietary factors, and prognosis in patients with ulcerative colitis

“…Since Heesook et al (23) reported that nutrition intervention should be carried out to ensure better treatment efficacy in IBD patients, we think that an increased intake of vitamin C would play a role in preventing UC relapse. On the other hand, Sugihara et al (24) reported that dietary phosphate exacerbates intestinal inflammation in experimental colitis. In this study, we were not able to examine the intake of phosphate.…”

The Role of Dietary Nutrients in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

“…The consumption of artificial sweeteners promotes the expansion of Proteobacteria and increases the infiltration of bacteria into the ileal lamina propria in CD-like ileitis model mice (180). Moreover, dietary phosphate, the main component of many food additives, enhances intestinal inflammation through the activation of NF-κB in macrophages (181). These studies suggest that many food additives may be associated with the risk of IBD.…”