Dietary patterns of the elderly: characteristics and association with socioeconomic aspects

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between dietary patterns and the socioeconomic aspects of elderly patients registered with the Family Health Strategy in Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Method: A cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample was employed. To identify dietary patterns, dietary intake was assessed through a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) adapted for an elderly population. From the FFQ dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. After the identification of the dietary patterns, logistic regression was performed considering each different dietary pattern and the related socioeconomic variables. Results: The consumption of a Fat and sugar pattern was greater among women and lower in elderly persons who considered themselves as mixed race. The consumption of the Balanced pattern was also lower among mixed race, married individuals, with one to four years of schooling and from the CDE economic classes. The Fruit and fish pattern was less consumed by elderly persons with 1-4 years of schooling, while the opposite was observed among those with five years or more of study. But the consumption of a Leafy vegetables pattern was lower among those with five or more years of schooling. Conclusion: The evaluation of the consumption of dietary patterns and the establishment of a relationship with the socioeconomic aspects of the elderly helps to achieve a better understanding of risk and protective factors for health.

Elevada prevalência de inadequação do consumo de fibras alimentares em idosos e fatores associados: um estudo de base populacional

“…This can be corroborated in other population studies that evaluated the consumption of fiber-rich foods, such as cereals, fruits and vegetables, in the older adult population in the regions of São Paulo and Brazilian metropolitan regions, according to POF data (2008)(2009), respectively. These studies also reported that the consumption of food with more fibers increased proportionately according to income 18,22 . In a cross-sectional investigation that evaluated the dietary patterns of 402 older adults in Viçosa (MG), through a factorial analysis based on the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), low leaf and fruit intake was associated the worst socioeconomic conditions 23 .…”

Agreement between two Meal Quality Indexes adapted to evaluate food consumption of institutionalized elderly

“…Analysis of these macronutrients is of basic importance for elderly people's health, considering that, when in excess, they are associated with the occurrence of diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, among others. However, only MMQI has a component related to protein quality, which is an essential macronutrient in the diet of the elderly, since low amounts of animal protein in the diet are associated with sarcopenia, muscular loss, malnutrition, fragility, falls and dependency in older people [31,32].…”

“…Another advantage of the MMQI is that it presents components related to the risk of cardiometabolic diseases development, such as ultra processed foods (processed meat and stuffed food), sweets and sweetened beverages [22,23,32].…”

<p>Impact of Metabolic Syndrome Components in High-Risk Cardiovascular Disease Development in Older Adults</p>

“…The continuing increase in the aging population's longevity rates has become a challenge for public health care, primarily due to an increase in the number of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the complications of multifactorial etiology. 1 Brazil is among the six countries with the largest aging population in the world. This population is expected to exceed 26.2 million individuals, equivalent to approximately 12.4% of the total Brazilian population, by 2020.…”