Dietary Patterns and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women in Guilan Province, Iran

High Serum Essential Amino Acids as a Predictor of Skeletal Muscle Depletion in Patients With Cachexia and Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers

“…In other words, an elevated EAA/TAA ratio can be considered a sensitive predictor of subsequent skeletal muscle depletion. This observation is identical to one previously reported 16 . In addition, serum EAA concentration is reported to be reserved in patients with cancer, whereas their TAA concentration trends to decrease 17 …”

“…This was partly proved by the observation that the amino acid composition of skeletal muscle is rich in EAA and that levels are higher than in normal plasma 15 . In addition, we hypothesized that serum Arg concentration, which is proposed to be an inflammatory index, would be higher in an inflammatory status than noninflammatory status 16 and that serum Arg concentration would increase with the progression of cachexia in patients with advanced cancer. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, our results showed that BCAA levels were no significantly lower in the ΔPMI decrease group vs the increase group shown in method 1 (334.0 vs 444.1, P = .681) and that serum Arg levels did not significantly differ between the ΔPMI decrease and increase groups (81.4 vs 102.7, P = .911).…”

Differences in Amino Acid Loss Between High-Efficiency Hemodialysis and Postdilution and Predilution Hemodiafiltration Using High Convection Volume Exchange—A New Metabolic Scenario? A Pilot Study

“…The finding of an increased muscle hypercatabolism in our patients was supported by the fact that they were found to be affected by sarcopenia. Moreover, increased contributions of EAAs and BCAAs to TAAs are similar to those detected in cachectic cancer patients, 34,35 in whom increased EAA and BCAA/TAA ratios are associated with a decrease in psoas muscle volume. 36 On the other hand, acidosis and cancer share an increased ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway.…”

Dietary Patterns and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review

“…The initial search resulted in 136 articles, of which 102 articles were excluded at the title and abstract level. Thirty-four full-length articles were selected for further evaluation and 18 of these were excluded for the following reasons: examined diet as a predictor of breast density not cancer (n=3) (24)(25)(26), the combined effect of diet and physical activity was studied (n=2) (27,28), statistical methods other than those specified in our inclusion criteria were used (n=2) (29,30), and evaluated various forms of vegetarian diet (derived without using any dietary index or factor analysis) (n=1) (31), hormone levels rather than diet were studied (n=3) (32)(33)(34), the effect of diet on breast cancer markers at the molecular level were studied (n=5) (35)(36)(37)(38)(39), assessed the dietary intake of women during their adolescent years (n=1) (40), used an average/reference dietary pattern to derive the risk estimates (n=1) (41), one paper was identified by hand searching the selected articles (42). This resulted in the selection of 17 original research studies published between January 2013 and May 2017 (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58), where 13 of these used the posteriori approach while 2 of the 13 also included an a priori approach to identify dietary patterns.…”